ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2011
HIV-1 modulates the tRNA pool to improve translation efficiency.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- The PAXT connection is a modifier of rare codon-enriched protein expression.Nature communications · 2026Article
- tRNA modifications in viral replication.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Host mature tRNAome as a decoding switch regulates antiviral and proviral responses.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Essentiality and dynamic expression of the human tRNA pool during viral infection.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- Transfer RNA regulation during herpesvirus infection: Wielding a sword or raising a shield?PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Mapping evolutionary paradigm of Oropouche virus driven by dinucleotide bias and context-dependent codon bias.Virulence · 2025Article
- Evolutionary paradigm of distinct viral coding regions of BVDV associated with different nucleotide usage patterns.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- An RNA modification prevents extended codon-anticodon interactions from facilitating +1 frameshifting.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genomic AT Bias Coupled with Amino Acid Metabolism Modulates Codon Usage.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Article
- Viral codon usage and the virus-host interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Over time analysis of the codon usage of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- ORF1ab codon frequency model predicts host-pathogen relationship in orthocoronavirinae.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Displays a Suboptimal Codon Usage Bias for Efficient Translation in Human Cells Diverted by Hijacking the tRNA Epitranscriptome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Dengue virus preferentially uses human and mosquito non-optimal codons.Molecular systems biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Proteolytic cleavage and inactivation of the TRMT1 tRNA modification enzyme by SARS-CoV-2 main protease.eLife · 2024Article
- Review
- Differential Selection for Translation Efficiency Shapes Translation Machineries in Bacterial Species.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Article
- Proteolytic cleavage and inactivation of the TRMT1 tRNA modification enzyme by SARS-CoV-2 main protease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite its poorly adapted codon usage, HIV-1 replicates and is expressed extremely well in human host cells. HIV-1 has recently been shown to package non-lysyl transfer RNAs (tRNAs) in addition to the tRNA(Lys) needed for priming reverse transcription and integration of the HIV-1 genome. By comparing the codon usage of HIV-1 genes with that of its human host, we found that tRNAs decoding codons that are highly used by HIV-1 but avoided by its host are overrepresented in HIV-1 virions. In particular, tRNAs decoding A-ending codons, required for the expression of HIV's A-rich genome, are highly enriched. Because the affinity of Gag-Pol for all tRNAs is nonspecific, HIV packaging is most likely passive and reflects the tRNA pool at the time of viral particle formation. Codon usage of HIV-1 early genes is similar to that of highly expressed host genes, but codon usage of HIV-1 late genes was better adapted to the selectively enriched tRNA pool, suggesting that alterations in the tRNA pool are induced late in viral infection. If HIV-1 genes are adapting to an altered tRNA pool, codon adaptation of HIV-1 may be better than previously thought.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.