ReviewVirology2011
Contributions of humoral and cellular immunity to vaccine-induced protection in humans.
Review in Virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 260 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune response to vaccination in adults with mental disorders: A systematic review.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- HLA-DPB1 and anti-HBs titer kinetics in hepatitis B booster recipients who completed primary hepatitis B vaccination during infancy.Genes and immunity · 2014Trial
- Trained Immunity in Childhood Vaccination.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Review
- Fluorinated carbohydrate-based vaccines.Chemical science · 2026Review
- Lymph node-targeted DNA engages TBK1/IFN-I-driven innate immunity to induce potent T cell responses and durable memory in mice and NHPs.Science advances · 2026Article
- Sex-based differences in mumps immunity after a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine.Vaccine · 2026Article
- Immunogenicity of Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients Under Immunocompromising Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Observational
- Design of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against OvineMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Circular RNA as a New Vaccine Platform: Considerations, Challenges, and Perspectives.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Antibody response induced by structural proteins fromFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- An integrated subtractive genomics and immunoinformatics approach for designing a universal multi-epitope vaccine againstFrontiers in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Design of a Novel Peptide-Based Vaccine TargetingInternational journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Integrative genomic and immunoinformatic approach for characterizing HIV-1 pol, vpr, and Nef genes and designing a multi-epitope vaccine.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approaches for multi-epitope vaccine design against Klebsiella pneumoniae reveal a novel vaccine target protein.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of a Broad-Spectrum Pan-Mpox Vaccine via Immunoinformatic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Multi-epitope vaccines: charting a new frontier in monkeypox prevention and control.Human cell · 2025Review
- The Baculovirus Expression System Expresses Chimeric RHDV VLPs as Bivalent Vaccine Candidates for Classic RHDV (GI.1) and RHDV2 (GI.2).Vaccines · 2025Article
- Vaccines combining slow release and follicle targeting of antigens increase germinal center B cell diversity and clonal expansion.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccines play a vital role in protecting the host against infectious disease. The most effective licensed vaccines elicit long-term antigen-specific antibody responses by plasma cells in addition to the development of persisting T cell and B cell memory. The relative contributions of these different immune cell subsets are context-dependent and vary depending on the attributes of the vaccine (i.e., live/attenuated, inactivated, and subunit) as well as the biology of the pathogen in question. For relatively simple vaccines against bacterial antigens (e.g., tetanus toxin) or invariant viruses, the immunological correlates of protection are well-characterized. For more complex vaccines against viruses, especially those that mutate or cause latent infections, it is more difficult to define the specific correlates of immunity. This often requires observational/natural history studies, clinical trials, or experimental evaluation in relevant animal models in order for immunological correlates to be determined or extrapolated. In this review, we will discuss the relative contributions of virus-specific T cell and B cell responses to vaccine-mediated protection against disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.