Trial reportLancet (London, England)2011
High-dose vitamin D(3) during intensive-phase antimicrobial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in Lancet (London, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 241 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Trial of Adjunctive Vitamin D in Tuberculosis Treatment
Effect of Vitamin D as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Pulmonary Evolution Tuberculosis in the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases
Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Chronic Granulomatous Disease Patients With BCGosis/Itis
Who cites it
241 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 574 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of vitamin D receptor genetic variants with therapeutic response in multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- The role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Infection · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of vitamin D on all-cause mortality in different diseases: an evidence-map and umbrella review of 116 randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplements in Treatment of Acute Respiratory Infection: A Meta-Analysis for Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- The effects of anti-inflammatory agents as host-directed adjunct treatment of tuberculosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Respiratory research · 2020Pooled it
- Effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation on the outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Chinese medical journal · 2019Pooled it
- Effects of vitamin D supplementation on the outcomes of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Adjuvant Efficacy of Nutrition Support During Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treating Course: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Chinese medical journal · 2015Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Under-reporting of venous and arterial thrombotic events in randomized clinical trials: a meta-analysis.Internal and emergency medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on response to anti-tuberculosis therapy in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Calcitriol supplementation accelerates the recovery of patients with tuberculosis who have vitamin D deficiency: a randomized, single-blind, controlled clinical trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Effects of Vitamin D supplementation on resolution of fever and cough in children with pulmonary tuberculosis: A randomized double-blind controlled trial in Indonesia.Journal of global health · 2022Trial
- Adjunctive host-directed therapies for pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective, open-label, phase 2, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2021Trial
- Effect of adjunctive single high-dose vitamin DScientific reports · 2018Trial
- Daily adjunctive therapy with vitamin DJournal of internal medicine · 2018Trial
- Higher serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with active pulmonary tuberculosis in hospitalised HIV infected patients in a low income tropical setting: a cross sectional study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2018Trial
- High-Dose Vitamin DAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2017Trial
181 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVitamin D was used to treat tuberculosis in the pre-antibiotic era, and its metabolites induce antimycobacterial immunity in vitro. Clinical trials investigating the effect of adjunctive vitamin D on sputum culture conversion are absent.
methodsWe undertook a multicentre randomised controlled trial of adjunctive vitamin D in adults with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in London, UK. 146 patients were allocated to receive 2·5 mg vitamin D(3) or placebo at baseline and 14, 28, and 42 days after starting standard tuberculosis treatment. The primary endpoint was time from initiation of antimicrobial treatment to sputum culture conversion. Patients were genotyped for TaqI and FokI polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor, and interaction analyses were done to assess the influence of the vitamin D receptor genotype on response to vitamin D(3). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00419068.
findings126 patients were included in the primary efficacy analysis (62 assigned to intervention, 64 assigned to placebo). Median time to sputum culture conversion was 36·0 days in the intervention group and 43·5 days in the placebo group (adjusted hazard ratio 1·39, 95% CI 0·90-2·16; p=0.14). TaqI genotype modified the effect of vitamin D supplementation on time to sputum culture conversion (p(interaction)=0·03), with enhanced response seen only in patients with the tt genotype (8·09, 95% CI 1·36-48·01; p=0·02). FokI genotype did not modify the effect of vitamin D supplementation (p(interaction)=0·85). Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration at 56 days was 101·4 nmol/L in the intervention group and 22·8 nmol/L in the placebo group (95% CI for difference 68·6-88·2; p<0·0001).
interpretationAdministration of four doses of 2·5 mg vitamin D(3) increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in patients receiving intensive-phase treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. Vitamin D did not significantly affect time to sputum culture conversion in the whole study population, but it did significantly hasten sputum culture conversion in participants with the tt genotype of the TaqI vitamin D receptor polymorphism.
fundingBritish Lung Foundation.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.