Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21214926›Full record

ArticleBMC neuroscience2011

Targeting choroid plexus epithelia and ventricular ependyma for drug delivery to the central nervous system.

Ana Maria Gonzalez, Wendy E Leadbeater, Michael Burg, Karen Sims, Tetsuya Terasaki, Conrad E Johanson, Edward G Stopa, Brian P Eliceiri, Andrew Baird

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neuroscience, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. The choroid plexus and cerebrospinal fluid: emerging roles in development, disease, and therapy.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2013
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Ana Maria GonzalezSchool of Experimental Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
Wendy E Leadbeater
Michael Burg
Karen Sims
Tetsuya Terasaki
Conrad E Johanson
Edward G Stopa
Brian P Eliceiri
Andrew Baird
University of Birmingham · GBUniversity of California, San Diego · USBrown University · USRhode Island Hospital · USTohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University · JP

Funding

Role of Src family kinases in endothelial cell biologyR01HL073396 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELICEIRI, BRIAN P · 2002 to 2011
$3.5M
A Combinatorial Approach to Wound Healing for Protein, Gene and Cell TherapeuticsP20GM078421 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BAIRD, ANDREW · 2006 to 2009
$3.4M
Targeting the choroid plexus for drug translocation into CSFR21EY018479 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BAIRD, ANDREW · 2007 to 2010
$606k
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/C50466X/1NEI NIH HHS EY018479NHLBI NIH HHS HL73396NIGMS NIH HHS GM078421NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM078421
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBecause the choroid plexus (CP) is uniquely suited to control the composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), there may be therapeutic benefits to increasing the levels of biologically active proteins in CSF to modulate central nervous system (CNS) functions. To this end, we sought to identify peptides capable of ligand-mediated targeting to CP epithelial cells reasoning that they could be exploited to deliver drugs, biotherapeutics and genes to the CNS.

methodsA peptide library displayed on M13 bacteriophage was screened for ligands capable of internalizing into CP epithelial cells by incubating phage with CP explants for 2 hours at 37C and recovering particles with targeting capacity.

resultsThree peptides, identified after four rounds of screening, were analyzed for specific and dose dependent binding and internalization. Binding was deemed specific because internalization was prevented by co-incubation with cognate synthetic peptides. Furthermore, after i.c.v. injection into rat brains, each peptide was found to target phage to epithelial cells in CP and to ependyma lining the ventricles.

conclusionThese data demonstrate that ligand-mediated targeting can be used as a strategy for drug delivery to the central nervous system and opens the possibility of using the choroid plexus as a portal of entry into the brain.

Indexed as

Peptide LibraryAnimalsCells, CulturedCentral Nervous SystemCerebral VentriclesChoroid PlexusDrug Delivery SystemsEpendymaEpithelial CellsFemaleInjections, IntraventricularMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLPeptidesPeptide LibraryPeptides

Identifiers

PMID21214926
PMCPMC3025905
OpenAlexW2014712240

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.