Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21213024›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutical research2011

Uptake and transport of novel amphiphilic polyelectrolyte-insulin nanocomplexes by Caco-2 cells--towards oral insulin.

Colin Thompson, Woei Ping Cheng, Pramod Gadad, Karen Skene, Mhairi Smith, Gillian Smith, Alastair McKinnon, Rachel Knott

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Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Colin ThompsonSchool of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, The Robert Gordon University, Schoolhill, Aberdeen, AB10 1FR, UK.
Woei Ping Cheng
Pramod Gadad
Karen Skene
Mhairi Smith
Gillian Smith
Alastair McKinnon
Rachel Knott
Robert Gordon University · GBUniversity of Aberdeen · GBUniversity of Hertfordshire · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe influence of polymer architecture on cellular uptake and transport across Caco-2 cells of novel amphiphilic polyelectrolyte-insulin nanocomplexes was investigated.

methodPolyallylamine (PAA) (15 kDa) was grafted with palmitoyl chains (Pa) and subsequently modified with quaternary ammonium moieties (QPa). These two amphiphilic polyelectrolytes (APs) were tagged with rhodamine, and their uptake by Caco-2 cells or their polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) with fluorescein isothiocyanate-insulin (FITC-insulin) uptake was investigated using fluorescence microscopy. The integrity of the monolayer was determined by measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and insulin transport across the monolayers was determined.

resultPa and insulin were co-localised in cell membranes, while QPa complexes were found within the cytoplasm. QPa complex uptake was not affected by calcium, cytochalasin D or nocodazole. Uptake was reduced by co-incubation with sodium azide, an active transport inhibitor. Both polymers opened tight junctions reversibly, and insulin transport through monolayers increased when QPa or Pa was used.

conclusionThese APs have been shown to be taken up by Caco-2 cells and reversibly open tight cell junctions. Further work is required to optimise these formulations with a view to maximising their potential to facilitate oral delivery of insulin.

Indexed as

Administration, OralBiological TransportCaco-2 CellsCell Culture TechniquesCell MembraneElectrolytesHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionMicroscopy, FluorescenceNanoconjugatesPalmitic AcidsPolyaminesSuccinimidesSurface-Active AgentsElectrolytesHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinNanoconjugatesN-hydroxysuccinimidyl palmitatePalmitic AcidspolyallylaminePolyaminesSuccinimidesSurface-Active AgentsTromethamine

Identifiers

PMID21213024
OpenAlexW2015126606

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.