ArticleThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology2011
Specificity protein 1 is pivotal in the skin's antiviral response.
Article in The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Shared epigenetic mechanisms in atopic dermatitis and food allergy: a review of immune dysregulation at the skin-gut axis.Skin health and disease · 2026Review
- Article
- Sp1-mediated miR-193b suppresses atopic dermatitis by regulating HMGB1.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- Epigenetic Mechanisms of Epidermal Differentiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Keratinocyte as a Crucial Cell in the Predisposition, Onset, Progression, Therapy and Study of the Atopic Dermatitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Prediction of key genes and pathways involved in trastuzumab-resistant gastric cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2018Article
- Ankyrin repeat domain 1 regulates innate immune responses against herpes simplex virus 1: A potential role in eczema herpeticum.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2018Article
- Innate Antiviral Immunity in the Skin.Trends in immunology · 2018Review
- Effects of Allergic Sensitization on Antiviral Immunity: Allergen, Virus, and Host Cell Mechanisms.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2017Review
- The Genetics and Epigenetics of Atopic Dermatitis-Filaggrin and Other Polymorphisms.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2016Review
- Up-Regulation of PKR Signaling Pathway by Ethanol Displays an Age of Onset-Dependent Relationship.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2016Article
- Overexpression of the transcription factor Sp1 activates the OAS-RNAse L-RIG-I pathway.PloS one · 2015Article
- Identification of novel gene signatures in patients with atopic dermatitis complicated by eczema herpeticum.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2014Article
- An integrated epigenetic and transcriptomic analysis reveals distinct tissue-specific patterns of DNA methylation associated with atopic dermatitis.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2014Article
- Nuclear factor κB2 p52 protein has a role in antiviral immunity through IκB kinase epsilon-dependent induction of Sp1 protein and interleukin 15.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- Modulation of activation-associated host cell gene expression by the apicomplexan parasite Theileria annulata.Cellular microbiology · 2012Article
- Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin modulates skin host response to viral infection.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2012Article
- Inhibition of transcription factor specificity protein 1 alters the gene expression profile of keratinocytes leading to upregulation of kallikrein-related peptidases and thymic stromal lymphopoietin.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have found specificity protein (Sp) 1 transcription factor in the viral replication machinery and postulated that Sp1 was required for viral replication in host cells.
objectivesWe investigated the role of Sp1 in the skin's antiviral responses from the perspective of host defense and its biological relevance in patients with atopic dermatitis and a history of eczema herpeticum (ADEH(+)).
methodsSmall interfering RNA duplexes were used to knock down Sp1 in keratinocytes. The expression of vaccinia virus (VV), herpes simplex virus 1, and other genes were evaluated by real-time PCR, or combined with Western blot and immunohistofluorescence staining. A total of 106 human subjects participated in this study.
resultsBoth VV and herpes simplex virus 1 replication were enhanced in Sp1 knocked-down keratinocytes. Sp1 gene expression was significantly decreased in ADEH(+) subjects compared with patients with atopic dermatitis without a history of eczema herpeticum and nonatopic subjects (P < .0001) and inversely correlated with VV DNA copy number in human skin explants incubated with VV in vitro (partial correlation r = -0.256; P = .009). Gene profiling revealed that the antiviral genes, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) and 2'5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS2), were significantly downregulated in Sp1-silenced keratinocytes. Gene expression of PKR and OAS2 was also significantly decreased in skin biopsies from ADEH(+) subjects compared with patients with atopic dermatitis without a history of eczema herpeticum and nonatopic subjects. IFN-γ augmented the antiviral capacity of Sp1-silenced keratinocytes.
conclusionSpecificity protein 1 knockdown enhances viral replication in keratinocytes by downregulating gene expression of PKR and OAS2. Sp1 deficiency in ADEH(+) patients may contribute to their increased propensity to disseminated skin viral infections. IFN-γ augmentation may be a potential treatment for ADEH(+) patients.
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