ReviewOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2011
A critical review of racial/ethnic variables in osteoporosis and bone density research.
Review in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Osteoporosis and Fracture Risk among Older US Asian Adults.Current osteoporosis reports · 2023Review
- Review
- Racial and gender differences in the relationship between sarcopenia and bone mineral density among older adults.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2021Article
- Molecular characterisation of osteoblasts from bone obtained from people of Polynesian and European ancestry undergoing joint replacement surgery.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Fractures in indigenous compared to non-indigenous populations: A systematic review of rates and aetiology.Bone reports · 2017Review
- Socioeconomic status and bone mineral density in adults by race/ethnicity and gender: the Louisiana osteoporosis study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Article
- A biomechanical sorting of clinical risk factors affecting osteoporotic hip fracture.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016Review
- Ethnic differences in urinary calcium and phosphate excretion between Gambian and British older adults.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2015Article
- Reference values of bone mineral density and prevalence of osteoporosis in Chinese adults.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2014Article
- Coffee consumption and bone mineral density in korean premenopausal women.Korean journal of family medicine · 2014Article
- Fracture risk assessment without race/ethnicity information.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2012Article
- Health disparities in endocrine disorders: biological, clinical, and nonclinical factors--an Endocrine Society scientific statement.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2012Article
- Bone mineral density of proximal femur in adult Chinese females.Journal of orthopaedicsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledRacial and ethnic variables are common in research on variation in bone density. This literature review describes some of the common flaws associated with the use of these variables and provides some suggestions for how bone density research may be able to better document and address skeletal health disparities.
introductionRacial/ethnic differences in bone density have been commonly documented in the research literature. While effective identification of the specific factors underlying these trends might go a long way in informing treatment and screening for osteoporosis, this would require careful consideration of exactly what these variables are capturing. However, the basis and implications of what racial/ethnic variables represent have not carefully been examined in bone density research.
methodsFor this paper, we systematically reviewed 55 articles that included bone density and race/ethnicity as key variables. Our analysis reveals that racial/ethnic terminology in these articles is highly variable, and discussion of how race/ethnicity is determined is often vague and idiosyncratic. Racial/ethnic variables are being used for a wide range of analytical purposes in statistical tests, which may not be appropriate for such a complex and poorly defined variable.
resultsMany articles attribute racial/ethnic differences in bone mass/bone density to genetic causes, although few studies actually examine genetic data.
conclusionThis analysis indicates that more rigorous examination of what race/ethnicity actually captures, more careful definitions of group labels and the procedures for assigning them, and attention to the limitations of how such variables can reliably be used in data analyses is needed to help address the problems and issues outlined in this review.
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