ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2011
Muscarinic receptor antagonists, from folklore to pharmacology; finding drugs that actually work in asthma and COPD.
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined aclidinium bromide and long-acting beta2-agonist for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to combination long-acting beta2-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids (LABA/ICS) versus LABA/ICS for adults with asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus higher dose ICS for adults with asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) added to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) versus addition of long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) for adults with asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Particle size and gastrointestinal absorption influence tiotropium pharmacokinetics: a pilot bioequivalence study of PUR0200 and Spiriva HandiHaler.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Trial
- Systemic Absorption of Cyclopentolate and Adverse Events After Retinopathy of Prematurity Exams.Current eye research · 2016Trial
- Efficacy and safety of nebulized glycopyrrolate for administration using a high efficiency nebulizer in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Trial
- Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of inhaled once-daily umeclidinium in healthy adults deficient in CYP2D6 activity: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.Clinical drug investigation · 2013Trial
- Antispasmodic Activity of Green-Synthesized Phenylaminojuglones: In Vitro and In Silico Studies.ACS omega · 2026Article
- [Anisocoria in the intensive care unit].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026Article
- From pharmacophore predictions to pharmaceutical possibilities: an integrated approach to screen MMolecular diversity · 2026Article
- Immunoglobulin M regulates airway hyperresponsiveness independent of T helper 2 allergic inflammation.eLife · 2025Article
- Adiabatic-Bias Molecular Dynamics Simulations Reveal the Impact of Mutations on Muscarinic Antagonist Unbinding Kinetics.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2025Article
- A golden age of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulation in neurological diseases.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
- Asthma, classical conditioning, and the autonomic nervous system - a hypothesis for why children wheeze.Archives of disease in childhood · 2024Review
- Quantitative Prediction of Dissociation Rates of PYK2 Ligands Using Umbrella Sampling and Milestoning.Journal of chemical theory and computation · 2024Article
- Review
- Comprehensive Observational Study in a Large Cohort of Asthma Patients after Adding LAMA to ICS/LABA.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Investigating the Unbinding of Muscarinic Antagonists from the Muscarinic 3 Receptor.Journal of chemical theory and computation · 2023Article
- The Crosstalk between FcεRI and Sphingosine Signaling in Allergic Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the lungs, parasympathetic nerves provide the dominant control of airway smooth muscle with release of acetylcholine onto M3 muscarinic receptors. Treatment of airway disease with anticholinergic drugs that block muscarinic receptors began over 2000 years ago. Pharmacologic data all indicated that antimuscarinic drugs should be highly effective in asthma but clinical results were mixed. Thus, with the discovery of effective β-adrenergic receptor agonists the use of muscarinic antagonists declined. Lack of effectiveness of muscarinic antagonists is due to a variety of factors including unwanted side effects (ranging from dry mouth to coma) and the discovery of additional muscarinic receptor subtypes in the lungs with sometimes competing effects. Perhaps the most important problem is ineffective dosing due to poorly understood differences between routes of administration and no effective way of testing whether antagonists block receptors stimulated physiologically by acetylcholine. Newer muscarinic receptor antagonists are being developed that address the problems of side effects and receptor selectivity that appear to be quite promising in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.