Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21197077›Full record

ArticleClinical & developmental immunology2011

Clustering of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases in Acapulco: Spoligotyping and risk factors.

Elizabeth Nava-Aguilera, Yolanda López-Vidal, Eva Harris, Arcadio Morales-Pérez, Steven Mitchell, Miguel Flores-Moreno, Ascencio Villegas-Arrizón, José Legorreta-Soberanis, Robert Ledogar, Neil Andersson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical & developmental immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Molecular Epidemiology ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Review
  3. Genetic Diversity ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  4. Genetic Diversity ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Circulation ofPathogens and global health · 2019
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Prevalence and occurrence rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Haarlem family multi-drug resistant in the worldwide population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of research in medical sciences : the official journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · 2015
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Elizabeth Nava-AguileraCentro de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Calle Pino S/N, Colonia El Roble, 39640 Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico. enava@ciet.org
Yolanda López-Vidal
Eva Harris
Arcadio Morales-Pérez
Steven Mitchell
Miguel Flores-Moreno
Ascencio Villegas-Arrizón
José Legorreta-Soberanis
Robert Ledogar
Neil Andersson
Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero · MXUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México · MXUniversity of California, Berkeley · USUniversity of Ottawa · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recurrence and reinfection of tuberculosis have quite different implications for prevention. We identified 267 spoligotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from consecutive tuberculosis patients in Acapulco, Mexico, to assess the level of clustering and risk factors for clustered strains. Point cluster analysis examined spatial clustering. Risk analysis relied on the Mantel Haenszel procedure to examine bivariate associations, then to develop risk profiles of combinations of risk factors. Supplementary analysis of the spoligotyping data used SpolTools. Spoligotyping identified 85 types, 50 of them previously unreported. The five most common spoligotypes accounted for 55% of tuberculosis cases. One cluster of 70 patients (26% of the series) produced a single spoligotype from the Manila Family (Clade EAI2). The high proportion (78%) of patients infected with cluster strains is compatible with recent transmission of TB in Acapulco. Geomatic analysis showed no spatial clustering; clustering was associated with a risk profile of uneducated cases who lived in single-room dwellings. The Manila emerging strain accounted for one in every four cases, confirming that one strain can predominate in a hyperendemic area.

Indexed as

Mycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosisAdultBacterial Typing TechniquesCluster AnalysisData Interpretation, StatisticalDNA FingerprintingFemaleHumansMaleMexicoMolecular EpidemiologyPhylogeographyPolymorphism, GeneticRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID21197077
PMCPMC3004385
OpenAlexW2028750700

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.