Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21196415›Full record

ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2011

EGFR-homing dsRNA activates cancer-targeted immune response and eliminates disseminated EGFR-overexpressing tumors in mice.

Alexei Shir, Manfred Ogris, Wolfgang Roedl, Ernst Wagner, Alexander Levitzki

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Therapeutic Bioactivity Exerted by theMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  3. Targeted apoptotic immune modulator for the treatment of metastatic EGFR-positive solid tumors.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. My journey from tyrosine phosphorylation inhibitors to targeted immune therapy as strategies to combat cancer.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
  7. PSMA-targeted polyinosine/polycytosine vector induces prostate tumor regression and invokes an antitumor immune response in mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Delivering safer immunotherapies for cancer.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2017
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Alexei ShirUnit of Cellular Signaling, Department of Biological Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel.
Manfred Ogris
Wolfgang Roedl
Ernst Wagner
Alexander Levitzki
Hebrew University of Jerusalem · ILLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DE

Funding

Novel cancer therapy by EGFR targeted transfection of synthetic dsRNAR01CA125500 · NCI · HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM · PI LEVITZKI, ALEXANDER · 2008 to 2009
$447k
NCI NIH HHS 1R01CA125500-01A2NCI NIH HHS R01 CA125500Worldwide Cancer Research 05-0409
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe cause of most cancer deaths is incurable dissemination of cancer cells into vital organs. Current systemic therapies for disseminated cancers provide limited efficacy and are often accompanied by toxic side effects. We have recently shown that local application of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted polyinosine-cytosine (polyIC) eradicates preestablished EGFR-overexpressing tumors. Here we show for the first time the high efficiency of systemic application of polyIC/melittin-polyethyleneimine-polyethyleneglycol-EGF (polyIC/MPPE) in combination with human immune cells. EXPERIMENTAL

designCancer-targeted activation of immune cells was examined in vitro and in vivo following transfection with polyIC/MPPE. The therapeutic efficiency of the strategy was then examined on disseminated EGFR-overexpressing tumors grown in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice.

resultsIntravenous delivery of polyIC/MPPE followed by intraperitoneal injection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells induced the complete cure of SCID mice with preestablished disseminated EGFR-overexpressing tumors, with no adverse toxic effects. The immune cells and the cytokines they produce are localized to the tumor site of the treated animal and contribute decisively to the demise of the tumor cells. The immune system homes to the tumors, due to the chemokines produced by the internalized polyIC.

conclusionThe EGFR-homing vector loaded with polyIC can be used to treat and possibly cure patients with disseminated EGFR-overexpressing tumors. The possibility of adopting this strategy to treat other tumors that express a protein capable of ligand induced internalization is discussed.

Indexed as

ErbB ReceptorsAnimalsCell Line, TumorEpidermal Growth FactorGene ExpressionMelittenMiceMice, SCIDNeoplasm MetastasisNeoplasms, ExperimentalPolyethylene GlycolsPolyethyleneiminePoly I-CRNA, Double-StrandedXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysEpidermal Growth FactorErbB ReceptorsMelittenPolyethylene GlycolsPolyethyleneiminePoly I-CRNA, Double-Stranded

Identifiers

PMID21196415
PMCPMC3079342
OpenAlexW2123047924

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.