Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21196401›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)2011

Sleep and innate immunity.

Mark R Zielinski, James M Krueger

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
83citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

83 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. A Systematic Review of Publications on the Associations Between Sleep Architecture and Arterial Hypertension.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
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  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. A [Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Sleep and immune health: How dogs, goats and 'factor S' shaped a field.Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mark R ZielinskiSleep and Performance Research Center, Department of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy, Pharmacology and Physiology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6520, USA.
James M Krueger
Washington State University · US

Funding

INTERLEUKIN-1--PROMOTER OF SLOW-WAVE SLEEPR01NS025378 · NINDS · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KRUEGER, JAMES MARTIN · 1987 to 2020
$6.3M
Molecular Mechanisms of Sleep Responses to Viral InfectionR01HD036520 · NICHD · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KRUEGER, JAMES MARTIN · 1997 to 2016
$5.4M
SLEEP REGULATION AND TUMOR NECROSIS FACTORR01NS031453 · NINDS · WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY · PI KRUEGER, JAMES MARTIN · 1993 to 2011
$3.6M
NICHD NIH HHS HD36520NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD036520NINDS NIH HHS NS25378NINDS NIH HHS NS31453NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS025378NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS031453
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Many pro-inflammatory molecules, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) are somnogenic, while many anti-inflammatory molecules inhibit sleep. Sleep loss increases the production/release of these sleep regulatory pro-inflammatory molecules. Further, sleep changes occurring during various pathologies are mediated by these inflammatory substances in response to pathogen recognition and subsequent inflammatory cellular pathways. This review summarizes information and concepts regarding inflammatory mechanisms of the innate immune system that mediate sleep. Further, we discuss sleep-immune interactions in regards to sleep in general, pathologies, and sleep as a local phenomenon including the central role that extracellular ATP plays in the initiation of sleep.

Indexed as

Adenosine TriphosphateCytokinesHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmunity, InnateInflammationNeurogliaReceptors, Pattern RecognitionSleepAdenosine TriphosphateCytokinesReceptors, Pattern Recognition

Identifiers

PMID21196401
PMCPMC3645929
OpenAlexW1492289642

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.