Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21194981›Full record

ArticleImmunity2011

CD4(+) lymphoid tissue-inducer cells promote innate immunity in the gut.

Gregory F Sonnenberg, Laurel A Monticelli, M Merle Elloso, Lynette A Fouser, David Artis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Immunity, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 363 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
363citing papers in PubMed
15.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

363 citing papers in PubMed, 559 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. tRNA mCell discovery · 2026
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  7. DOCK8 in immune cells: roles and mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2026
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303 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Gregory F SonnenbergDepartment of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Laurel A Monticelli
M Merle Elloso
Lynette A Fouser
David Artis
University of Pennsylvania · USPfizer (United States) · US

Funding

TRANSGENIC AND CHIMERIC MOUSE COREP30DK050306 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Ken Hashigiwa Cadwell · 1997 to 2026
$32.5M
PARASITOLOGY: MODERN APPROACHEST32AI007532 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HERBERT, DE'BROSKI R · 1998 to 2022
$5.0M
Innate immunity and inflammation following helminth infectionR01AI074878 · NIAID · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI ARTIS, DAVID · 2008 to 2019
$4.2M
Immuno-regulation of GI nematode infectionR01AI061570 · NIAID · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI ARTIS, DAVID · 2004 to 2013
$4.1M
Regulation and function of innate lymphoid cells in the gutR01AI095466 · NIAID · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI ARTIS, DAVID · 2011 to 2022
$3.7M
Functional Biology of Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Food AllergyR21AI087990 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ARTIS, DAVID, ZIEGLER, STEVEN F · 2010 to 2011
$484k
Epithelial cell regulation of intestinal immune homeostasisR21AI083480 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ARTIS, DAVID · 2009 to 2010
$436k
NIAID NIH HHS AI083480NIAID NIH HHS AI087990NIAID NIH HHS AI61570NIAID NIH HHS AI74878NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI061570NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI074878NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI095466NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI083480NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI087990NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007532NIAID NIH HHS T32AI007532-08NIDDK NIH HHS DK50306NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK050306
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fetal CD4(+) lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells play a critical role in the development of lymphoid tissues. Recent studies identified that LTi cells persist in adults and are related to a heterogeneous population of innate lymphoid cells that have been implicated in inflammatory responses. However, whether LTi cells contribute to protective immunity remains poorly defined. We demonstrate that after infection with Citrobacter rodentium, CD4(+) LTi cells were a dominant source of interleukin-22 (IL-22) early during infection. Infection-induced CD4(+) LTi cell responses were IL-23 dependent, and ablation of IL-23 impaired innate immunity. Further, depletion of CD4(+) LTi cells abrogated infection-induced expression of IL-22 and antimicrobial peptides, resulting in exacerbated host mortality. LTi cells were also found to be essential for host protective immunity in lymphocyte-replete hosts. Collectively these data demonstrate that adult CD4(+) LTi cells are a critical source of IL-22 and identify a previously unrecognized function for CD4(+) LTi cells in promoting innate immunity in the intestine.

Indexed as

Adoptive TransferAnimalsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCells, CulturedCitrobacter rodentiumEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayImmunity, InnateImmunizationInterleukin-22Interleukin-23InterleukinsIntestinesLymphocyte DepletionLymphoid TissueMiceInterleukin-22Interleukin-23Interleukins

Identifiers

PMID21194981
PMCPMC3035987
OpenAlexW2091674262

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.