Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21194388›Full record

ReviewAntioxidants & redox signaling2011

HMGB1 and microparticles as mediators of the immune response to cell death.

David S Pisetsky, Julie Gauley, Anirudh J Ullal

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Antioxidants & redox signaling, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
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  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. The danger from within: alarmins in arthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2016
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. HMGB1 in health and disease.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2014
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

David S PisetskyMedical Research Service, Durham VA Hospital, 508 Fulton Street, Durham, NC 27705, USA. piset001@mc.duke.edu
Julie Gauley
Anirudh J Ullal

Funding

PHS HHS A1082402PHS HHS A1083923
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In a wide variety of diseases, cell death represents both an outcome and an important step in pathogenesis. This duality occurs because cell death leads to the extracellular release of molecules and structures that can potently induce the innate immune system. These mediators include the alarmins which are endogenous cellular constituents that exit activated or dying cells to stimulate toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as non-TLR receptors. Of alarmins, the nonhistone protein HMGB1 is the prototype. Like DNA and RNA, HMGB1 can translocate from cells as they die. The activity of HMGB1 may reflect its interaction with other molecules such as LPS, DNA, and cytokines. In addition to alarmins, dead and dying cells can release subcellular organelles called microparticles that contain cytoplasmic and nuclear constituents, including DNA and RNA. These particles can impact on many cell types to induce inflammation. The release of HMGB1 and microparticles shows important similarities, occurring with cell death as well as stimulation of certain but not all TLRs. Furthermore, nitric oxide can induce the release of both. These observations suggest that the products of dead cells can serve as important mediators to drive immune responses and promote inflammation and autoreactivity.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell DeathDNAHMGB1 ProteinHumansImmunity, InnateRNAToll-Like ReceptorsDNAHMGB1 ProteinRNAToll-Like Receptors

Identifiers

PMID21194388
PMCPMC3166182

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.