Trial reportInternational journal of colorectal disease2011
Modulation of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR): qualitative and quantitative evaluation in multiple sclerosis.
Trial report in International journal of colorectal disease, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tools for fecal incontinence assessment: lessons for inflammatory bowel disease trials based on a systematic review.United European gastroenterology journal · 2020Pooled it
- Needleless transcutaneous electroacupuncture improves rectal distension-induced impairment in intestinal motility and slow waves via vagal mechanisms in dogs.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Morphological abnormalities of the recto-anal inhibitory reflex reflects symptom pattern in neurogenic bowel.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2012Article
- Anorectal dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review.ISRN neurology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) is a physiological modulated reflex involved in anorectal continence and defined by a relaxation of internal anal sphincter following rectal distension. Its existence depends on intramural autonomic ganglions and its modulation on the integrity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
aimsThe aim of this study was to analyse RAIR modulation in terms of amplitude and duration in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
methodsTwenty-one patients with MS and 40 control patients had anorectal manometry. Qualitative assessment (presence or absence) of RAIR was evaluated together with its modulation in amplitude and in duration.
resultsAll patients had present RAIR for each volume of rectal distension (10-50 ml). Seven patients (33.3%) in the MS group had abnormal RAIR modulation in amplitude (odds ratio (OR) = 2.78, compared to control group, p = 0.11). Nine patients (42.9%) in the MS group had abnormal RAIR modulation in duration (p = 0.14, OR = 2.54, compared to control group). Alteration of RAIR modulation was not correlated with Expanded Disability Status Scale, faecal incontinence and constipation (p > 0.05). Course of MS (relapsing-remitting MS or secondary progressive form) seems to be correlated to alteration of modulation in amplitude and in duration (OR = 1.31 and 1.07).
conclusionEven if our results do not have the required statistical significance (p > 0.05), they are interesting. If RAIR is always present in MS, its modulation seems to be altered. A hypothesis for this lack of RAIR modulation could be the alteration of ANS, often involved in MS besides somatic nervous system lesions.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.