ArticleBiophysical journal2011
Second-harmonic generation imaging of membrane potential with retinal analogues.
Article in Biophysical journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Second harmonic imaging of membrane potentials: Comparing water and chromophores as probes.Biophysical journal · 2026Article
- Revealing the Wonder of Natural Photonics by Nonlinear Optics.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopy of Membrane Probe Dynamics in Gram-Positive Bacteria.Biophysical journal · 2019Article
- Harmonic Generation Microscopy 2.0: New Tricks Empowering Intravital Imaging for Neuroscience.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2019Review
- Membrane water for probing neuronal membrane potentials and ionic fluxes at the single cell level.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Sub-wavelength terahertz imaging through optical rectification.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Steady-State Linear and Non-linear Optical Spectroscopy of Organic Chromophores and Bio-macromolecules.Frontiers in chemistry · 2018Review
- Multimodal two-photon imaging using a second harmonic generation-specific dye.Nature communications · 2016Article
- Detecting subtle plasma membrane perturbation in living cells using second harmonic generation imaging.Biophysical journal · 2014Article
- Character of skin on photo-thermal response and its regeneration process using second-harmonic generation microscopy.Lasers in medical science · 2014Article
- Submillisecond second harmonic holographic imaging of biological specimens in three dimensions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- Porphyrins for probing electrical potential across lipid bilayer membranes by second harmonic generation.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2013Article
- Single cell optical imaging and spectroscopy.Chemical reviews · 2013Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) by membrane-incorporated probes is a nonlinear optical signal that is voltage-sensitive and the basis of a sensitive method for imaging membrane potential. The voltage dependence of SHG by four different probes, three retinoids (all-trans retinal), and two new retinal analogs, 3-methyl-7-(4'-dimethylamino-phenyl)-2,4,6-heptatrienal (AR-3) and 3,7-dimethyl-9-(4'-dimethylamino-phenyl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenal (AR-4), and a styryl dye (FM4-64), were compared in HEK-293 cells. Results were analyzed by fitting data with an expression based on an electrooptic mechanism for SHG, which depends on the complex-valued first- and second-order nonlinear electric susceptibilities (χ² and χ³) of the probe. This gave values for the voltage sensitivity at the cell's resting potential, the voltage where the SHG is minimal, and the amplitude of the signal at that voltage for each of the four compounds. These measures show that χ² and χ³ are complex numbers for all compounds except all-trans retinal, consistent with the proximities of excitation and/or emission wavelengths to molecular resonances. Estimates of probe orientation and location in the membrane electric field show that, for the far-from-resonance case, the shot noise-limited signal/noise ratio depends on the location of the probe in the membrane, and on χ³ but not on χ².
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