Trial reportMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2011
Intradermal vaccinations with RNA coding for TAA generate CD8+ and CD4+ immune responses and induce clinical benefit in vaccinated patients.
Trial report in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy, immune response, and safety of mRNA versus dendritic cell vaccines in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- RNA Drugs and RNA Targets for Small Molecules: Principles, Progress, and Challenges.Pharmacological reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Autologous tumor cell vaccination combined with systemic CpG-B and IFN-α promotes immune activation and induces clinical responses in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a phase II trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2019Trial
- A phase I/IIa study of the mRNA-based cancer immunotherapy CV9201 in patients with stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2019Trial
- Immunogenicity of GX301 cancer vaccine: Four (telomerase peptides) are better than one.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Trial
- Personalized cancer vaccines: bridging immune-oncology and precision medicine for advanced therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- mRNA-based therapies: current progress and future prospects for treating kidney disease.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Review
- RNA-based cancer vaccines: mechanisms, clinical progress, and translational challenges.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Development of therapeutic cancer vaccines based on cancer immunity cycle.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Eliciting antitumor immunity via therapeutic cancer vaccines.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- The role of telomere and telomerase in cancer and novel therapeutic target: narrative review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Telomerase-based vaccines: a promising frontier in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Research progress of MUC1 in genitourinary cancers.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Review
- Influence of ionizable lipid tail length on lipid nanoparticle delivery of mRNA of varying length.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2024Article
- Frameworks for transformational breakthroughs in RNA-based medicines.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
- From structural design to delivery: mRNA therapeutics for cancer immunotherapy.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2024Review
- Glioblastoma vaccines: past, present, and opportunities.EBioMedicine · 2024Review
- Targeting Telomere Dynamics as an Effective Approach for the Development of Cancer Therapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- mRNA vaccine designs for optimal adjuvanticity and delivery.RNA biology · 2024Review
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this phase I/II nonrandomized trial was to assess feasibility, safety as well as immunological and clinical responses of a mRNA-based vaccination in patients with stage IV renal cell cancer using granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as adjuvant. Intradermal injections of in vitro transcribed naked mRNA, which was generated using plasmids coding for the tumor-associated antigens mucin 1(MUC1), carcinoembryonic (CEA), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2/neu), telomerase, survivin, and melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE-A1) were performed in 30 enrolled patients. In the first 14 patients (cohort A) vaccinations were administered on days 0, 14, 28, and 42 (20 µg/antigen) while in the consecutive 16 patients (cohort B) an intensified protocol consisting of injections at days 0-3, 7-10, 28, and 42 (50 µg/antigen) was used. In both cohorts, after this induction period, vaccinations were repeated monthly until tumor progression analyzed by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors criteria (RECIST). Vaccinations were well tolerated with no severe side effects and induced clinical responses [six stable diseases (SD) and one partial response in cohort A and nine SD in cohort B]. In cohort A, 35.7% survived 4 years (median survival 24 months) compared to 31.25% in cohort B (median survival 29 months). Induction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses was shown for several tumor-associated antigens (TAA) using interferon-γ (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) and Cr-release assays.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.