Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21187136›Full record

ReviewHearing research2011

Modulation of hair cell efferents.

Eric Wersinger, Paul Albert Fuchs

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Hearing research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Drug Discovery Targeting Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors for Hearing Loss.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. Co-release of GABA and ACh from Medial Olivocochlear Neurons as a Fine Regulatory Mechanism of Cochlear Efferent Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Effects of Efferent Activity on Hair Bundle Mechanics.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2020
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Efferent Inputs Are Required for Normal Function of Vestibular Nerve Afferents.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019
    Article
  14. Developmental Synaptic Changes at the Transient Olivocochlear-Inner Hair Cell Synapse.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2019
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Eric WersingerThe Center for Hearing and Balance, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. ewersin2@jhmi.edu
Paul Albert Fuchs
Johns Hopkins Medicine · US

Funding

THE CHOLINERGIC RESPONSE OF COCHLEAR HAIR CELLSR01DC001508 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Amanda M. Lauer · 1992 to 2026
$13.2M
The Histology CoreP30DC005211 · NIDCD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI YOUNG, ERIC DANIEL · 2002 to 2016
$9.1M
NIDCD NIH HHS P30 DC005211NIDCD NIH HHS P30DC005211NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC001508NIDCD NIH HHS R01DC001508
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Outer hair cells (OHCs) amplify the sound-evoked motion of the basilar membrane to enhance acoustic sensitivity and frequency selectivity. Medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferents inhibit OHCs to reduce the sound-evoked response of cochlear afferent neurons. OHC inhibition occurs through the activation of postsynaptic α9α10 nicotinic receptors tightly coupled to calcium-dependent SK2 channels that hyperpolarize the hair cell. MOC neurons are cholinergic but a number of other neurotransmitters and neuromodulators have been proposed to participate in efferent transmission, with emerging evidence for both pre- and postsynaptic effects. Cochlear inhibition in vivo is maximized by repetitive activation of the efferents, reflecting facilitation and summation of transmitter release onto outer hair cells. This review summarizes recent studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of cholinergic inhibition and the regulation of those molecular components, in particular the involvement of intracellular calcium. Facilitation at the efferent synapse is compared in a variety of animals, as well as other possible mechanisms of modulation of ACh release. These results suggest that short-term plasticity contributes to effective cholinergic inhibition of hair cells.

Indexed as

AnimalsCalciumCalcium SignalingCochleaEfferent PathwaysElectric StimulationHair Cells, AuditoryHair Cells, Auditory, OuterHumansIon ChannelsMiceMice, KnockoutNeurotransmitter AgentsPermeabilityReceptors, NicotinicSynapsesCalciumIon ChannelsNeurotransmitter AgentsReceptors, Nicotinic

Identifiers

PMID21187136
PMCPMC3125486
OpenAlexW1986047863

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.