ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2011
Cardiac effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-negative infants born to HIV-positive mothers: NHLBI CHAART-1 (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Cardiovascular Status of HAART Therapy in HIV-Exposed Infants and Children cohort study).
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growth, physical, and cognitive function in children who are born HIV-free: School-age follow-up of a cluster-randomised trial in rural Zimbabwe.PLoS medicine · 2024Trial
- Maintenance darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy to prevent perinatal HIV transmission, ANRS-MIE 168 MONOGEST study.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Trial
- Cardiac Effects of Antiretroviral-Naïve versus Antiretroviral-Exposed HIV Infection in Children.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Assessment of dexrazoxane as a cardioprotectant in doxorubicin-treated children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: long-term follow-up of a prospective, randomised, multicentre trial.The Lancet. Oncology · 2010Trial
- Pharmacovigilance signals for congenital heart disease related to drug exposure: A disproportionality analysis based on the FAERS database.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Left Ventricular Changes and Inflammatory Biomarkers in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants in Jos, Northcentral Nigeria.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Left ventricular remodeling and its correlates among adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV in South Africa.International journal of cardiology · 2023Article
- The impact of HIV and ART exposure during pregnancy on fetal growth: a prospective study in a South African cohort.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Children.Pediatric cardiology · 2023Review
- Direct and indirect cardiovascular and cardiometabolic sequelae of the combined anti-retroviral therapy on people living with HIV.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- ECG abnormalities among HIV infected children placed on ART at Enugu, South East of Nigeria.African health sciences · 2020Article
- Review
- Rethinking COVID-19 in children: Lessons learned from pediatric viral and inflammatory cardiovascular diseases.Progress in pediatric cardiology · 2020Article
- Early cardiac dysfunction in children and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in HIV-uninfected infants exposed in utero to antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Myocardial peak systolic velocity-a tool for cardiac screening of HIV-exposed uninfected children.European journal of pediatrics · 2020Observational
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cell transcriptomes reveal an over-representation of down-regulated genes associated with immunity in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in utero on cardiac development and function in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative children.
backgroundART reduces vertical HIV transmission. Long-term cardiotoxicity after in utero exposure to ART is unknown in children but has occurred in young animals.
methodsUsing a prospective multisite cohort study design, echocardiograms taken between birth and 24 months were compared in 2 groups of HIV-negative infants of HIV-positive mothers: 136 infants exposed to ART (ART+) and 216 unexposed infants (ART-).
resultsMean left ventricular (LV) mass z-scores were consistently lower in ART+ girls than in ART- girls: differences in mean z-scores were -0.46 at birth (p = 0.005), -1.02 at 6 months (p < 0.001), -0.74 at 12 months (p < 0.001), and -0.79 at 24 months (p < 0.001). Corresponding differences in z-scores for boys were smaller: 0.13 at 1 month (p = 0.42), -0.44 at 6 months (p = 0.01), -0.15 at 12 months (p = 0.37), and -0.21 at 24 months (p = 0.21). Septal wall thickness and LV dimension were smaller than expected in ART+ infants, but LV contractility was consistently about 1 SD higher at all ages (p < 0.001). In ART+ infants, LV fractional shortening was higher than in ART- infants; girls showed a greater difference.
conclusionsFetal exposure to ART is associated with reduced LV mass, LV dimension, and septal wall thickness z-scores and increased LV fractional shortening and contractility up to age 2 years. These effects are more pronounced in girls than in boys. Fetal ART exposure may impair myocardial growth while improving depressed LV function.
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