ArticleApplied microbiology and biotechnology2011
GGDEF proteins YeaI, YedQ, and YfiN reduce early biofilm formation and swimming motility in Escherichia coli.
Article in Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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40 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA methylation affects gene expression but not global chromatin structure inJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Towards the control of biofilm formation in Anabaena (Nostoc) sp. PCC7120: novel insights into the genes involved and their regulation.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- c-di-GMP is required for swarming inmBio · 2025Article
- GepA, a GGDEF-EAL protein, regulates biofilm formation and swimming motility in Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Archives of microbiology · 2025Article
- The role of cyclic di-GMP in biomaterial-associated infections caused by commensal Escherichia coli.PloS one · 2025Article
- Making a Pathogen? Evaluating the Impact of Protist Predation on the Evolution of Virulence in Serratia marcescens.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- A genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor for sensitive detection of cellular c-di-GMP levels inFrontiers in chemistry · 2024Article
- The GGDEF protein Dgc2 suppresses both motility and biofilm formation in the filamentous cyanobacteriumMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- KACS omega · 2023Article
- A thermo-resistant and RNase-sensitive cargo fromJournal of extracellular biology · 2023Article
- Autoinducer-2 and bile salts induce c-di-GMP synthesis to repress the T3SS via a T3SS chaperone.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Oral microbial extracellular DNA initiates periodontitis through gingival degradation by fibroblast-derived cathepsin K in mice.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Transcription Factor SrsR (YgfI) Is a Novel Regulator for the Stress-Response Genes in Stationary Phase inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Genetic diversity and virulence characteristics of biofilm-producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2022Article
- YfiB: An Outer Membrane Protein Involved in the Virulence ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Distinct heterochromatin-like domains promote transcriptional memory and silence parasitic genetic elements in bacteria.The EMBO journal · 2022Article
- The Diguanylate Cyclase YfiN of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Regulates Biofilm Maintenance in Response to Peroxide.Journal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Shigella flexneri Diguanylate Cyclases Regulate Virulence.Journal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- The Deletion ofJournal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- Exopolysaccharide anchoring creates an extreme resistance to sedimentation.Journal of bacteriology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The second messenger 3'-5'-cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP) promotes biofilm formation, and c-di-GMP is synthesized by diguanylate cyclases (characterized by a GGDEF domain) and degraded by phosphodiesterases. Here, we evaluated the effect of the 12 E. coli GGDEF-only proteins on biofilm formation and motility. Deletions of the genes encoding the GGDEF proteins YeaI, YedQ, YfiN, YeaJ, and YneF increased swimming motility as expected for strains with reduced c-di-GMP. Alanine substitution in the EGEVF motif of YeaI abolished its impact on swimming motility. In addition, extracellular DNA (eDNA) was increased as expected for the deletions of yeaI (tenfold), yedQ (1.8-fold), and yfiN (3.2-fold). As a result of the significantly enhanced motility, but contrary to current models of decreased biofilm formation with decreased diguanylate cyclase activity, early biofilm formation increased dramatically for the deletions of yeaI (30-fold), yedQ (12-fold), and yfiN (18-fold). Our results indicate that YeaI, YedQ, and YfiN are active diguanylate cyclases that reduce motility, eDNA, and early biofilm formation and contrary to the current paradigm, the results indicate that c-di-GMP levels should be reduced, not increased, for initial biofilm formation so c-di-GMP levels must be regulated in a temporal fashion in biofilms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.