Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21177349›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2011

Connective tissue fibroblasts and Tcf4 regulate myogenesis.

Sam J Mathew, Jody M Hansen, Allyson J Merrell, Malea M Murphy, Jennifer A Lawson, David A Hutcheson, Mark S Hansen, Melinda Angus-Hill, Gabrielle Kardon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
173citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

173 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 317 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Gfpt2 modulates fibroblast activation by glutathione metabolism.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2026
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  9. Direct in vivo reprogramming to relieve tissue ischemia via induced vasculogenesis.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
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  13. Evidence for Fgf and Wnt regulation ofFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025
    Article
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  19. Review
  20. Traumatic muscle injury.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023
    Review

113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sam J MathewDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Utah, 15 North 2030 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
Jody M Hansen
Allyson J Merrell
Malea M Murphy
Jennifer A Lawson
David A Hutcheson
Mark S Hansen
Melinda Angus-Hill
Gabrielle Kardon
University of Utah · US

Funding

TCF/LEF function during intestinal maintenance and colon tumorigenesisP01CA073992 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI NEKLASON, DEBORAH WOOD · 1998 to 2014
$29.7M
Role of Muscle Connective Tissue in Muscle and Tendon DevelopmentR01HD053728 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI KARDON, GABRIELLE · 2006 to 2016
$3.1M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA073992NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD053728
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Muscle and its connective tissue are intimately linked in the embryo and in the adult, suggesting that interactions between these tissues are crucial for their development. However, the study of muscle connective tissue has been hindered by the lack of molecular markers and genetic reagents to label connective tissue fibroblasts. Here, we show that the transcription factor Tcf4 (transcription factor 7-like 2; Tcf7l2) is strongly expressed in connective tissue fibroblasts and that Tcf4(GFPCre) mice allow genetic manipulation of these fibroblasts. Using this new reagent, we find that connective tissue fibroblasts critically regulate two aspects of myogenesis: muscle fiber type development and maturation. Fibroblasts promote (via Tcf4-dependent signals) slow myogenesis by stimulating the expression of slow myosin heavy chain. Also, fibroblasts promote the switch from fetal to adult muscle by repressing (via Tcf4-dependent signals) the expression of developmental embryonic myosin and promoting (via a Tcf4-independent mechanism) the formation of large multinucleate myofibers. In addition, our analysis of Tcf4 function unexpectedly reveals a novel mechanism of intrinsic regulation of muscle fiber type development. Unlike other intrinsic regulators of fiber type, low levels of Tcf4 in myogenic cells promote both slow and fast myogenesis, thereby promoting overall maturation of muscle fiber type. Thus, we have identified novel extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms regulating myogenesis. Most significantly, our data demonstrate for the first time that connective tissue is important not only for adult muscle structure and function, but is a vital component of the niche within which muscle progenitors reside and is a critical regulator of myogenesis.

Indexed as

AnimalsBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factorsbeta CateninConnective TissueFemaleFibroblastsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMaleMiceMice, KnockoutMice, TransgenicMuscle DevelopmentMuscle Fibers, Fast-TwitchMuscle Fibers, Slow-TwitchMuscle, SkeletalBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factorsbeta CateninCTNNB1 protein, mouseGreen Fluorescent ProteinsTcf4 protein, mouseTranscription Factor 4

Identifiers

PMID21177349
PMCPMC3005608
OpenAlexW1978684191

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.