ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2011
Small micromeres contribute to the germline in the sea urchin.
Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Annelids as models of germ cell and gonad regeneration.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2024Review
- Semi-automated, high-content imaging of drug transporter knockout sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) embryos.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2024Article
- Sea cucumbers: an emerging system in evo-devo.EvoDevo · 2024Review
- Article
- The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the TardigradebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of early sea star development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Multicellularity in animals: The potential for within-organism conflict.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Vasa nucleates asymmetric translation along the mitotic spindle during unequal cell divisions.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Micromere formation and its evolutionary implications in the sea urchin.Current topics in developmental biology · 2022Article
- Somatic cell conversion to a germ cell lineage: A violation or a revelation?Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2021Review
- CRISPR-Cas9 editing of non-coding genomic loci as a means of controlling gene expression in the sea urchin.Developmental biology · 2021Article
- Primordial Germ Cell Specification in Vertebrate Embryos: Phylogenetic Distribution and Conserved Molecular Features of Preformation and Induction.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Hedgehog signaling is required for endomesodermal patterning and germ cell development in the sea anemoneeLife · 2020Article
- Gastrulation in the sea urchin.Current topics in developmental biology · 2020Review
- Evolutionary modification of AGS protein contributes to formation of micromeres in sea urchins.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Distinct transcriptional regulation of Nanos2 in the germ line and soma by the Wnt and delta/notch pathways.Developmental biology · 2019Article
- Methods to label, isolate, and image sea urchin small micromeres, the primordial germ cells (PGCs).Methods in cell biology · 2019Review
- From genome to anatomy: The architecture and evolution of the skeletogenic gene regulatory network of sea urchins and other echinoderms.Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) · 2018Review
- Nodal and BMP expression during the transition to pentamery in the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma: insights into patterning the enigmatic echinoderm body plan.BMC developmental biology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many indirect developing animals create specialized multipotent cells in early development to construct the adult body and perhaps to hold the fate of the primordial germ cells. In sea urchin embryos, small micromeres formed at the fifth division appear to be such multipotent cells: they are relatively quiescent in embryos, but contribute significantly to the coelomic sacs of the larvae, from which the major tissues of the adult rudiment are derived. These cells appear to be regulated by a conserved gene set that includes the classic germline lineage genes vasa, nanos and piwi. In vivo lineage mapping of the cells awaits genetic manipulation of the lineage, but previous research has demonstrated that the germline is not specified at the fourth division because animals are fertile even when micromeres, the parent blastomeres of small micromeres, are deleted. Here, we have deleted small micromeres at the fifth division and have raised the resultant larvae to maturity. These embryos developed normally and did not overexpress Vasa, as did embryos from a micromere deletion, implying the compensatory gene regulatory network was not activated in small micromere-deleted embryos. Adults from control and micromere-deleted embryos developed gonads and visible gametes, whereas small micromere-deleted animals formed small gonads that lacked gametes. Quantitative PCR results indicate that small micromere-deleted animals produce background levels of germ cell products, but not specifically eggs or sperm. These results suggest that germline specification depends on the small micromeres, either directly as lineage products, or indirectly by signaling mechanisms emanating from the small micromeres or their descendants.
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