Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21175357›Full record

ArticleAIDS research and human retroviruses2011

Efficacy of Tat-conjugated ritonavir-loaded nanoparticles in reducing HIV-1 replication in monocyte-derived macrophages and cytocompatibility with macrophages and human neurons.

Kathleen Borgmann, Kavitha S Rao, Vinod Labhasetwar, Anuja Ghorpade

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Biodegradable Nanoparticles for Delivery of Therapeutics in CNS Infection.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2017
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Investigational protease inhibitors as antiretroviral therapies.Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2016
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Understanding HIV compartments and reservoirs.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2014
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Activation of virus uptake through induction of macropinocytosis with a novel polymerizing peptide.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2014
    Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Kathleen BorgmannDepartment of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, 76107, USA.
Kavitha S Rao
Vinod Labhasetwar
Anuja Ghorpade

Funding

Neuronal Survival, HIV-1 and Astrocyte-TIMP-1R01NS048837 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR · PI BORGMANN, KATHLEEN · 2005 to 2018
$5.2M
TAT-Peptide conjugated nanoparticles for CNS DeliveryR21MH067525 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER · PI LABHASETWAR, VINOD D · 2004 to 2005
$458k
NIMH NIH HHS 1R21 MH67525NINDS NIH HHS 1R01 NS048837-06NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS048837
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 targets mononuclear phagocytes (MP), which disseminate infection to organs such as brain, spleen and lymph. Thus MP, which include microglia, tissue macrophages and infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), are important target of anti-HIV-1 drug therapy. Most of the currently used antiretroviral drugs are effective in reducing viral loadin the periphery but cannot effectively eradicate infection from tissue reservoirs such as brain MP. HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system can lead to a wide variety of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders. In this study, we demonstrate that ritonavir-loaded nanoparticles (RNPs) are effective in inhibiting HIV-1 infection of MDM. Reduced infection is observed in multiple read-out systems including reduction of cytopathic effects, HIV-1 p24 protein secretion and production of progeny virions. Furthermore, the RNPs retained antiretroviral efficacy after being removed from MDM cultures. As HIV-1-infected cells in the brain are likely to survive for a long period of time, both acute and chronic infection paradigms were evaluated. Tat-peptide-conjugated RNPs (Tat-RNP) were effective in both short-term and long-term HIV-1-infected MDM. Importantly, we confirm that delivery of RNPs, both with and without Tat-peptide conjugation, is toxic neither to MDM nor to neural cells, which may be bystander targets of the nanoformulations. In conclusion, Tat-NPs could be a safe and effective way of delivering anti-HIV-1 drugs for controlling viral replication occurring within brain MP.

Indexed as

BrainCells, CulturedCell SurvivalCross-Linking ReagentsDrug CarriersDrug CompoundingFemaleFetusGene Products, tatHIV-1HIV InfectionsHIV Protease InhibitorsHIV Reverse TranscriptaseHumansMacrophagesNanoparticlesCross-Linking ReagentsDrug CarriersGene Products, tatHIV Protease InhibitorsHIV Reverse Transcriptasereverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1Ritonavir

Identifiers

PMID21175357
PMCPMC3149452

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.