Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2011
Analysis of low-frequency mutations associated with drug resistance to raltegravir before antiretroviral treatment.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison of illumina and 454 deep sequencing in participants failing raltegravir-based antiretroviral therapy.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Efficacy of a nucleoside-sparing regimen of darunavir/ritonavir plus raltegravir in treatment-naive HIV-1-infected patients (ACTG A5262).AIDS (London, England) · 2011Trial
- Recent Advances in the Development of Integrase Inhibitors for HIV Treatment.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
- Sanger and Next Generation Sequencing Approaches to Evaluate HIV-1 Virus in Blood Compartments.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Pretreatment drug resistance in a large countrywide Ethiopian HIV-1C cohort: a comparison of Sanger and high-throughput sequencing.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Impact of the HIV-1 genetic background and HIV-1 population size on the evolution of raltegravir resistance.Retrovirology · 2018Article
- The Role of HIV-1 Drug-Resistant Minority Variants in Treatment Failure.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Review
- Long Single-Molecule Reads Can Resolve the Complexity of the Influenza Virus Composed of Rare, Closely Related Mutant Variants.Journal of computational biology : a journal of computational molecular cell biology · 2017Article
- Lack of impact of pre-existing T97A HIV-1 integrase mutation on integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance and treatment outcome.PloS one · 2017Article
- Integrase inhibitor (INI) genotypic resistance in treatment-naive and raltegravir-experienced patients infected with diverse HIV-1 clades.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Comparison of Major and Minor Viral SNPs Identified through Single Template Sequencing and Pyrosequencing in Acute HIV-1 Infection.PloS one · 2015Article
- Accurate viral population assembly from ultra-deep sequencing data.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2014Article
- Next-Generation Sequencing to Help Monitor Patients Infected with HIV: Ready for Clinical Use?Current infectious disease reports · 2014Article
- HIV-1 drug-resistant minority variants: sweating the small stuff.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Article
- Sensitive deep-sequencing-based HIV-1 genotyping assay to simultaneously determine susceptibility to protease, reverse transcriptase, integrase, and maturation inhibitors, as well as HIV-1 coreceptor tropism.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Article
- Extensive recombination due to heteroduplexes generates large amounts of artificial gene fragments during PCR.PloS one · 2014Article
- Simultaneous detection of major drug resistance mutations in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes for HIV-1 subtype C by use of a multiplex allele-specific assay.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Article
- Clinical implications of HIV-1 minority variants.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2013Article
- Impact of minority nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations on resistance genotype after virologic failure.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Raltegravir is highly efficacious in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. The prevalence and impact on virologic outcome of low-frequency resistant mutations among HIV-1-infected patients not previously treated with raltegravir have not been fully established. Samples from HIV treatment-experienced patients entering a clinical trial of raltegravir treatment were analyzed using a parallel allele-specific sequencing (PASS) assay that assessed six primary and six secondary integrase mutations. Patients who achieved and sustained virologic suppression (success patients, n = 36) and those who experienced virologic rebound (failure patients, n = 35) were compared. Patients who experienced treatment failure had twice as many raltegravir-associated resistance mutations prior to initiating treatment as those who achieved sustained virologic success, but the difference was not statistically significant. The frequency of nearly all detected resistance mutations was less than 1% of viral population, and the frequencies of mutations between the success and failure groups were similar. Expansion of pre-existing mutations (one primary and five secondary) was observed in 16 treatment failure patients in whom minority resistant mutations were detected at baseline, suggesting that they might play a role in the development of drug resistance. Two or more mutations were found in 13 patients (18.3%), but multiple mutations were not present in any single viral genome by linkage analysis. Our study demonstrates that low-frequency primary RAL-resistant mutations were uncommon, while minority secondary RAL-resistant mutations were more frequently detected in patients naïve to raltegravir. Additional studies in larger populations are warranted to fully understand the clinical implications of these mutations.
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