ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2011
Rapid expansion and long-term persistence of elevated NK cell numbers in humans infected with hantavirus.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 289 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
289 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 469 citations in OpenAlex.
- CD56-negative NK cells: Frequency in peripheral blood, expansion during HIV-1 infection, functional capacity, and KIR expression.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Identifying SARS-CoV-2 'memory' NK cells from COVID-19 convalescent donors for adoptive cell therapy.Immunology · 2022Trial
- Differential immune responses in pregnant patients recovered from COVID-19.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2021Trial
- Trial
- NK Cell Activity and CD57Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Activatory Receptor NKp30 Predicts NK Cell Activation During Controlled Human Malaria Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Interferon Alpha Induces Sustained Changes in NK Cell Responsiveness to Hepatitis B Viral Load Suppression In Vivo.PLoS pathogens · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Adaptive Natural Killer Cell and Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor-Expressing T Cell Responses are Induced by Cytomegalovirus and Are Associated with Protection against Cytomegalovirus Reactivation after Allogeneic Donor Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2015Trial
- High Frequencies of Senescent and Exhausted Natural Killer Cells and SARS-CoV-2-Specific Memory CD8Viruses · 2026Article
- The Natural Killer Cell Landscape in the Natural History of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome in a Chilean Cohort.Viruses · 2026Article
- Natural Killer Cell Assays: Clinical Applications and Future Directions.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Cross-binding antibodies capable of neutralising diverse hantaviruses are produced in response to Puumala virus infection.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Ad5-boosted COVID-19 vaccine reduces symptomatic BA.5 infection via cross-neutralizing antibodies and NK cell immunity.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Phenotypes, mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies of natural killer cell immunosenescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Phenotypic and epigenetic profiles of circulating NK cells in spontaneous HIV-1 controllers.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Hantaan virus-derived peptides that stabilize HLA-E could abrogate inhibition of CD56dimNKG2A+ NK cells.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Review
- Adaptive-like NK cell responses to influenza correlate with humoral immunity and are influenced by age and sex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
229 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are known to mount a rapid response to several virus infections. In experimental models of acute viral infection, this response has been characterized by prompt NK cell activation and expansion followed by rapid contraction. In contrast to experimental model systems, much less is known about NK cell responses to acute viral infections in humans. We demonstrate that NK cells can rapidly expand and persist at highly elevated levels for >60 d after human hantavirus infection. A large part of the expanding NK cells expressed the activating receptor NKG2C and were functional in terms of expressing a licensing inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and ability to respond to target cell stimulation. These results demonstrate that NK cells can expand and remain elevated in numbers for a prolonged period of time in humans after a virus infection. In time, this response extends far beyond what is considered normal for an innate immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.