ArticleBMC infectious diseases2010
High levels of T lymphocyte activation in Leishmania-HIV-1 co-infected individuals despite low HIV viral load.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis among people with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- T-cell activation and senescence in asymptomatic HIV/Leishmania infantum co-infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Insights to the HIV-associated visceral leishmaniasis clinical outcome: lessons learned about immune mediated disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Case Report: In Situ and Systemic Immune Response to Mucosal Leishmaniasis in an HIV-Infected Patient.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- Article
- The immune response in canine and human leishmaniasis and how this influences the diagnosis- a review and assessment of recent research.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Immunological factors, but not clinical features, predict visceral leishmaniasis relapse in patients co-infected with HIV.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- Metagenomic Analysis Identifying a RareFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Impaired Thymic Output Can Be Related to the Low Immune Reconstitution and T Cell Repertoire Disturbances in Relapsing Visceral Leishmaniasis Associated HIV/AIDS Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Unusual Signs and Symptoms in HIV-Positive Patients Coinfected withOpen access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2018Article
- Sexually transmitted infections and immune activation among HIV-infected but virally suppressed youth on antiretroviral therapy.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2018Article
- Performance of two immunochromatographic tests for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in patients coinfected with HIV.Parasitology research · 2018Article
- The Binomial Parasite-Host Immunity in the Healing Process and in Reactivation of Human Tegumentary Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Article
- Risk Factors for Death from Visceral Leishmaniasis in an Urban Area of Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Article
- Visceral leishmaniasis relapse in HIV patients--a role for myeloid-derived suppressor cells?PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
- Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection in Latin America.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Review
- PKDL and other dermal lesions in HIV co-infected patients with Leishmaniasis: review of clinical presentation in relation to immune responses.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Review
- Parasitic pneumonia and lung involvement.BioMed research international · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConcomitant infections may influence HIV progression by causing chronic activation leading to decline in T-cell function. In the Americas, visceral (AVL) and tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) have emerged as important opportunistic infections in HIV-AIDS patients and both of those diseases have been implicated as potentially important co-factors in disease progression. We investigated whether leishmaniasis increases lymphocyte activation in HIV-1 co-infected patients. This might contribute to impaired cellular immune function.
methodsTo address this issue we analyzed CD4+ T absolute counts and the proportion of CD8+ T cells expressing CD38 in Leishmania/HIV co-infected patients that recovered after anti-leishmanial therapy.
resultsWe found that, despite clinical remission of leishmaniasis, AVL co-infected patients presented a more severe immunossupression as suggested by CD4+ T cell counts under 200 cells/mm3, differing from ATL/HIV-AIDS cases that tends to show higher lymphocytes levels (over 350 cells/mm3). Furthermore, five out of nine, AVL/HIV-AIDS presented low CD4+ T cell counts in spite of low or undetectable viral load. Expression of CD38 on CD8+ T lymphocytes was significantly higher in AVL or ATL/HIV-AIDS cases compared to HIV/AIDS patients without leishmaniasis or healthy subjects.
conclusionsLeishmania infection can increase the degree of immune system activation in individuals concomitantly infected with HIV. In addition, AVL/HIV-AIDS patients can present low CD4+ T cell counts and higher proportion of activated T lymphocytes even when HIV viral load is suppressed under HAART. This fact can cause a misinterpretation of these laboratorial markers in co-infected patients.
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