ArticleMuscle & nerve2011
Altered mRNA expression after long-term soleus electrical stimulation training in humans with paralysis.
Article in Muscle & nerve, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Novel Intervention to Influence Muscle Plasticity in Veterans
Musculoskeletal Plasticity After Spinal Cord Injury
Long Duration Activity and Metabolic Control After Spinal Cord Injury
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Abundance in proteins expressed after functional electrical stimulation cycling or arm cycling ergometry training in persons with chronic spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2017Trial
- Active-resisted stance modulates regional bone mineral density in humans with spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2013Trial
- Strategies to mitigate muscle mass loss in individuals with spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2026Review
- Development of a Flexible Electrode for Electrical Stimulation of Rabbit Extraocular Muscle.Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO · 2025Article
- Impact of electrical muscle stimulation-induced muscle contractions on endogenous pain modulatory system: a quantitative sensory testing evaluation.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Distinct Genomic Expression Signatures after Low-Force Electrically Induced Exercises in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Explainable machine learning identifies multi-omics signatures of muscle response to spaceflight in mice.NPJ microgravity · 2023Article
- Acute Low Force Electrically Induced Exercise Modulates Post Prandial Glycemic Markers in People with Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2022Article
- Genomic and Epigenomic Evaluation of Electrically Induced Exercise in People With Spinal Cord Injury: Application to Precision Rehabilitation.Physical therapy · 2022Article
- Role of exercise on visceral adiposity after spinal cord injury: a cardiometabolic risk factor.European journal of applied physiology · 2021Review
- Mechanisms of exercise as a preventative measure to muscle wasting.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2021Review
- Impact of short- and long-term electrically induced muscle exercise on gene signaling pathways, gene expression, and PGC1a methylation in men with spinal cord injury.Physiological genomics · 2020Article
- Activity-Based Physical Rehabilitation with Adjuvant Testosterone to Promote Neuromuscular Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Turning Over the Hourglass.Physical therapy · 2017Article
- Low-Force Muscle Activity Regulates Energy Expenditure after Spinal Cord Injury.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2017Article
- Distinct Skeletal Muscle Gene Regulation from Active Contraction, Passive Vibration, and Whole Body Heat Stress in Humans.PloS one · 2016Article
- Article
- MicroRNA-208b progressively declines after spinal cord injury in humans and is inversely related to myostatin expression.Physiological reports · 2015Article
- Chronic activity-based therapy does not improve body composition, insulin-like growth factor-I, adiponectin, or myostatin in persons with spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2015Article
- Low-frequency stimulation regulates metabolic gene expression in paralyzed muscle.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In humans, spinal cord injury (SCI) induces deleterious changes in skeletal muscle that may be prevented or reversed by electrical stimulation muscle training. The molecular mechanisms underlying muscle stimulation training remain unknown. We studied two unique SCI subjects whose right soleus received >6 years of training (30 minutes/day, 5 days/week). Training preserved torque, fatigue index, contractile speed, and cross-sectional area in the trained leg, but not the untrained leg. Training decreased 10 mRNAs required for fast-twitch contractions and mRNA that encodes for myostatin, an autocrine/paracrine hormone that inhibits muscle growth. Conversely, training increased 69 mRNAs that mediate the slow-twitch, oxidative phenotype, including PGC-1α, a transcriptional coactivator that inhibits muscle atrophy. When we discontinued right soleus training, training-induced effects diminished slowly, with some persisting for >6 months. Training of paralyzed muscle induces localized and long-lasting changes in skeletal muscle mRNA expression that improve muscle mass and function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.