ArticlePloS one2010
Sublethal doses of anthrax lethal toxin on the suppression of macrophage phagocytosis.
Article in PloS one, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dachshund Homolog 1: Unveiling Its Potential Role in Megakaryopoiesis andInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Restraint Stress-Induced Immunosuppression Is Associated with Concurrent Macrophage Pyroptosis Cell Death in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Exposure of Platelets to Dengue Virus and Envelope Protein Domain III Induces Nlrp3 Inflammasome-Dependent Platelet Cell Death and Thrombocytopenia in Mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Soluble P-selectin rescues mice from anthrax lethal toxin-induced mortality through PSGL-1 pathway-mediated correction of hemostasis.Virulence · 2017Article
- Antibacterial Properties of Visible-Light-Responsive Carbon-Containing Titanium Dioxide Photocatalytic Nanoparticles against Anthrax.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
- Acquired coagulant factor VIII deficiency induced by Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin in mice.Virulence · 2015Article
- Article
- B. anthracis associated cardiovascular dysfunction and shock: the potential contribution of both non-toxin and toxin components.BMC medicine · 2013Review
- Article
- Activated protein C ameliorates Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin-induced lethal pathogenesis in rats.Journal of biomedical science · 2012Article
- Review
- Cellular and physiological effects of anthrax exotoxin and its relevance to disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2012Review
- Visible light responsive photocatalyst induces progressive and apical-terminus preferential damages on Escherichia coli surfaces.PloS one · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLethal toxin (LT), the major virulence factor produced by Bacillus anthracis, has been shown to suppress the immune system, which is beneficial to the establishment of B. anthracis infections. It has been suggested that the suppression of MEK/MAPK signaling pathways of leukocytes contributes to LT-mediated immunosuppressive effects. However, the involvement of MAPK independent pathways has not been clearly elucidated; nor has the crucial role played by LT in the early stages of infection. Determining whether LT exerts any pathological effects before being enriched to an MEK inhibitory level is an important next step in the furtherance of this field. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsUsing a cell culture model, we determined that low doses of LT inhibited phagocytosis of macrophages, without influencing MAPK pathways. Consistent low doses of LT significantly suppressed bacterial clearance and enhanced the mortality of mice with bacteremia, without suppressing the MEK1 of splenic and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that LT suppresses the phagocytes in a dose range lower than that required to suppress MEK1 in the early stages of infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.