Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21168462›Full record

ArticleHuman immunology2011

Vitamin D receptor gene methylation is associated with ethnicity, tuberculosis, and TaqI polymorphism.

Charlene Andraos, Gerrit Koorsen, Julian C Knight, Liza Bornman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Charlene AndraosDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, South Africa.
Gerrit Koorsen
Julian C Knight
Liza Bornman
University of Johannesburg · ZAUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Medical Research CouncilWellcome Trust 074318
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene encodes a transcription factor which, on activation by vitamin D, modulates diverse biologic processes, including calcium homeostasis and immune function. Genetic variation involving VDR shows striking differences in allele frequency between populations and has been associated with disease susceptibility, including tuberculosis and autoimmunity, although results have often been conflicting. We hypothesized that methylation of VDR may be population specific and that the combination of differential methylation and genetic variation may characterize tuberculosis (TB) predisposition. We use bisulfite conversion and/or pyrosequencing to analyze the methylation status of 17 CpGs of VDR and to genotype 7 SNPs in the 3' CpG Island (CpG island [CGI] 1060), including the commonly studied SNPs ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236). We show that, for lymphoblastoid cell lines from two ethnically diverse populations (Yoruba from HapMap, n = 30 and Caucasians, n = 30) together with TB cases (n = 32) and controls (n = 29) from the Venda population of South Africa, there are methylation variable positions in the 3' end that significantly distinguish ethnicity (9/17 CpGs) and TB status (3/17 CpGs). Moreover, methylation status shows complex association with TaqI genotype highlighting the need to consider both genetic and epigenetic variants in genetic studies of VDR association with disease.

Indexed as

AdultAllelesAutoimmunityCell LineCpG IslandsDNA MethylationEthnicityFemaleGene FrequencyGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansMaleMiddle AgedNorth AmericaDNA modification methylase TaqIReceptors, CalcitriolSite-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific)

Identifiers

PMID21168462
PMCPMC3955023
OpenAlexW2067984944

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.