ArticleMicrobial pathogenesis2011
Mycobacterium avium uses apoptotic macrophages as tools for spreading.
Article in Microbial pathogenesis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Macrophages During Mycobacterium avium Versus Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.Molecular microbiology · 2026Article
- Encapsulin protein MAV2054 enhances Mycobacterium avium virulence by promoting Cdc42-dependent epithelial cell invasion.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Targeting Autophagy as a Strategy for Developing New Host-Directed Therapeutics Against Nontuberculous Mycobacteria.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the Chemical Space of Mycobacterial Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitors Using Molecular Modeling.ChemMedChem · 2024Review
- Article
- Additive Effects of Cyclic Peptide [R4W4] When Added Alongside Azithromycin and Rifampicin againstPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Mycobacterium intracellulare induces a Th17 immune response via M1-like macrophage polarization in canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Development of Human Cell-BasedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Modulating macrophage function to reinforce host innate resistance againstFrontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Review
- Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Macrophages, and Host Innate Immune Response.Infection and immunity · 2021Review
- Genetic Involvement ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Disseminated Coinfection byInfection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- The pathogenesis of cardiac microlesion formation during severe bacteremic infection.PLoS pathogens · 2020Review
- Macrophage Signaling Pathways in Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2020Review
- Pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections: current state and future management.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Review
- Looking beyond Typical Treatments for Atypical Mycobacteria.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Targeting Autophagy as a Strategy for Developing New Vaccines and Host-Directed Therapeutics Against Mycobacteria.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMycobacterium avium (MAC) lives and replicates in macrophages and causes disseminated disease in immunocompromised individuals. As a host response to control disease, many macrophages become apoptotic a few days after MAC infection. In this study, we hypothesized that MAC can survive autophagic and apoptotic macrophages and spread.
methodsElectron, time-lapse video, fluorescence microscopy. Apoptosis was determined by ELISA and TUNEL assays. Autophagy was seen by migration of LC3-1.
resultsApoptotic macrophages harbor chiefly viable MAC. MAC escapes both the vacuole and the macrophage once apoptosis is triggered, leaving the bacteria free to infect nearby macrophages in the process of spreading. In addition, some MAC species will have apoptotic bodies and are released in healthy macrophages following apoptotic body ingestion. Because autophagy precedes apoptosis, it was established that heat-killed MAC, and viable MAC induces autophagy in macrophages at similar rates, but MAC still survives.
conclusionMAC spreading from cell-to-cell is triggered by the macrophage's attempt to kill the bacterium, undergoing apoptosis.
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Registered trials
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