Trial reportCancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)2011
Randomized phase II trial of inhaled budesonide versus placebo in high-risk individuals with CT screen-detected lung nodules.
Trial report in Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline
- Comparison of quick recovery outcome of inhalable doxorubicin and cisplatin in lung cancer patients: a randomized, double-blind, single-center trial.Drug delivery and translational research · 2018Trial
- Inhaled corticosteroid normalizes some but not all airway vascular remodeling in COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2016Trial
- Short- and long-term lung cancer risk associated with noncalcified nodules observed on low-dose CT.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2014Trial
- Lung cancer chemoprevention with celecoxib in former smokers.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2011Trial
- Review
- Glucocorticoid inhibits lung cancer cells proliferation and migration by suppressing smad2/3 activation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Modulation of Cell Plasticity by Budesonide: Beyond the Metabolic and Anti-Inflammatory Actions of Glucocorticoids.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Premalignant Progression in the Lung: Knowledge Gaps and Novel Opportunities for Interception of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Three-dimensional environment sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to the anti-proliferative effect of budesonide by reprogramming energy metabolism.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Epigenetic Reprogramming of Tumor-Associated Fibroblasts in Lung Cancer: Therapeutic Opportunities.Cancers · 2021Review
- Low-Dose Aspirin in High-Risk Individuals With Screen-Detected Subsolid Lung Nodules: A Randomized Phase II Trial.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2020Article
- Review
- In Vivo Pulmonary Delivery and Magnetic-Targeting of Dry Powder Nano-in-Microparticles.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2017Article
- Circulating and tissue biomarkers in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.Ecancermedicalscience · 2017Article
- The National Cancer Institute's PREVENT Cancer Preclinical Drug Development Program: overview, current projects, animal models, agent development strategies, and molecular targets.Seminars in oncology · 2016Review
- Long-term effects of inhaled budesonide on screening-detected lung nodules.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2015Article
- Regular inhaled corticosteroids in adult-onset asthma and the risk for future cancer: a population-based cohort study with proper person-time analysis.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2015Article
- Biomarkers in phase I-II chemoprevention trials: lessons from the NCI experience.Ecancermedicalscience · 2015Review
- Chemoprevention studies within lung cancer screening programmes.Ecancermedicalscience · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Screening CT identifies small peripheral lung nodules, some of which may be pre- or early invasive neoplasia. Secondary end point analysis of a previous chemoprevention trial in individuals with bronchial dysplasia showed reduction in size of peripheral nodules by inhaled budesonide. We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIb trial of inhaled budesonide in current and former smokers with CT-detected lung nodules that were persistent for at least 1 year. A total of 202 individuals received inhaled budesonide, 800 μg twice daily or placebo for 1 year. The primary endpoint was the effect of treatment on target nodule size in a per person analysis after 1 year. The per person analysis showed no significant difference between the budesonide and placebo arms (response rate 2% and 1%, respectively). Although the per lesion analysis revealed a significant effect of budesonide on regression of existing target nodules (P = 0.02), the appearance of new lesions was similar in both groups and thus the significance was lost in the analysis of all lesions. The evaluation by nodule type revealed a nonsignificant trend toward regression of nonsolid and partially solid lesions after budesonide treatment. Budesonide was well tolerated, with no unexpected side effects identified. Treatment with inhaled budesonide for 1 year did not significantly affect peripheral lung nodule size. There was a trend toward regression of nonsolid and partially solid nodules after budesonide treatment. Because a subset of these nodules is more likely to represent precursors of adenocarcinoma, additional follow-up is needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.