ReviewExpert review of clinical immunology2011
Protection against or triggering of Type 1 diabetes? Different roles for viral infections.
Review in Expert review of clinical immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Article
- Functional Impact of Risk Gene Variants on the Autoimmune Responses in Type 1 Diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Type 1 Diabetes incidence among youth in Utah: A geographical analysis.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2021Article
- Stress Hyperglycemia in Children and Adolescents as a Prognostic Indicator for the Development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Review
- Early prediction of autoimmune (type 1) diabetes.Diabetologia · 2017Review
- Revealing enterovirus infection in chronic human disorders: An integrated diagnostic approach.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- A Critical Role for the Type I Interferon Receptor in Virus-Induced Autoimmune Diabetes in Rats.Diabetes · 2017Article
- Enterovirus and type 1 diabetes: What is the matter?World journal of diabetes · 2015Review
- Article
- Tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22: multifunctional regulator of immune signaling, development, and disease.Annual review of immunology · 2014Review
- Type I diabetes mellitus: genetic factors and presumptive enteroviral etiology or protection.Journal of pathogens · 2014Review
- The autoimmunity-associated gene PTPN22 potentiates toll-like receptor-driven, type 1 interferon-dependent immunity.Immunity · 2013Article
- The environment and the origins of islet autoimmunity and Type 1 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2013Review
- Altered immune regulation in type 1 diabetes.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2013Review
- Initiating type I diabetes: new suspects in the lineup.Nature medicine · 2013Article
- Nearly constant shedding of diverse enteric viruses by two healthy infants.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2012Article
- The pathogenesis and natural history of type 1 diabetes.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2012Review
- The human pancreatic islet transcriptome: expression of candidate genes for type 1 diabetes and the impact of pro-inflammatory cytokines.PLoS genetics · 2012Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The emergence of autoreactivity that ultimately destroys insulin-producing β-cells and causes Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a result of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, such as viral infections. The ability to induce strong cellular immune responses and to cause inflammation in the target organ makes viral infections prime candidates for the initiation of islet autoreactivity. Indeed, certain viruses have been linked to the occurrence of T1D based on epidemiological, serological and histological findings; and several rodent studies clearly demonstrate that viral infections can trigger autoimmunity. However, viruses have also been shown to efficiently prevent autoimmunity, which underlines the beneficial aspects of exposure to microbial agents as suggested by the hygiene hypothesis. Here, we will try to untangle some aspects of the complex interplay between viruses and the immune system and we will recapitulate by what rationale certain viruses have been associated with T1D.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.