ReviewEnvironmental science & technology2011
Bacteria in beach sands: an emerging challenge in protecting coastal water quality and bather health.
Review in Environmental science & technology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Awareness of Microbiological Safety in Playgrounds Amid Rising Antibiotic Resistance.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Pooled it
- Sand Quality on Portuguese Blue Flagged Beaches: Fungal and Faecal Contamination Across Two Bathing Seasons.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Bacterial Communities in Sand and Seawater of Northern Gulf Coast Beaches: Temporal, Spatial, and Environmental Influences.Environmental microbiology reports · 2026Article
- A Review of the Human Health Risks from Microbial Hazards in Recreational Beach Sand.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Examining the potential impacts of a coastal renourishment project on the presence and abundance of Escherichia coli.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
- The Isolation, Genetic Analysis and Biofilm Characteristics ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Quantifying the Viral Reduction Achieved Using Ash and Sand as Handwashing Agents.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- What Is Hiding in the Israeli Mediterranean Seawater and Beach Sand.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Microbial Source Tracking as a Method of Determination of Beach Sand Contamination.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Opportunistic Pathogens of Recreational Waters with Emphasis on Antimicrobial Resistance-A Possible Subject of Human Health Concern.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Turbidity and fecal indicator bacteria in recreational marine waters increase following the 2018 Woolsey Fire.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Climate Change Impacts on Microbiota in Beach Sand and Water: Looking Ahead.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Factors associated with stunting among children 0 to 59 months of age in Angola: A cross-sectional study using the 2015-2016 Demographic and Health Survey.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- The emergency discharge of sewage to the Bay of Gdańsk as a source of bacterial enrichment in coastal air.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Plant debris are hotbeds for pathogenic bacteria on recreational sandy beaches.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Heavy metal concentrations in Brazilian port areas and their relationships with microorganisms: can pollution in these areas change the microbial community?Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2020Article
- Relationship between infiltration, sewer rehabilitation, and groundwater flooding in coastal urban areas.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- blaEnvironmental science and pollution research international · 2018Article
- Effect of beach management policies on recreational water quality.Journal of environmental management · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
To protect bather health at recreational beaches, fecal indicator bacterial standards are used to monitor water quality, and waters exceeding the standards are subsequently closed to bathers. However beachgoers are also in contact with beach sands, the sanitary quality of which is not included within beach monitoring programs. In fact, sands and sediments provide habitat where fecal bacterial populations may persist, and in some cases grow, in the coastal zone. Specific pathogens are less well studied in beach sands and sediments, but there is a body of evidence that they too may persist in these environments. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the abundance and distribution of fecal indicator bacteria and pathogens in beach sands of diverse climatological regions, and at beaches subjected to varied levels of anthropogenic impact. In all regions fecal indicator bacteria are nearly ubiquitous in beach sands, and similar relationships emerge among fecal indicator abundance in dry sand, submerged sands, and water. Taken together, these studies contextualize a potential public health issue and identify research questions that must be addressed in order to support future policy decisions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.