ArticleEndocrinology2011
Medroxyprogesterone acetate antagonizes estrogen up-regulation of brain mitochondrial function.
Article in Endocrinology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential effects of hormone therapy formulations on Parkinson's disease risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of menopause hormone therapy on risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of Type 2 Diabetes and Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy on Incidence of Cognitive Impairment in Older Women.Diabetes care · 2015Trial
- Mechanisms Underlying Treatment-Resistant Depression: Exploring Sex-Based Biological Differences.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- One size does not fit all: how type of menopause and hormone therapy matters for brain health.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2025Review
- Effect of estradiol with or without micronized progesterone on cholinergic-related cognitive performance in postmenopausal women.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- SS-31 alleviated nociceptive responses and restored mitochondrial function in a headache mouse model via Sirt3/Pgc-1α positive feedback loop.The journal of headache and pain · 2023Article
- Role of estrogen in the regulation of central and peripheral energy homeostasis: from a menopausal perspective.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
- Allopregnanolone pleiotropic action in neurons and astrocytes: calcium signaling as a unifying mechanism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Review
- Association between menopausal hormone therapy and risk of neurodegenerative diseases: Implications for precision hormone therapy.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2021Article
- Estrogenic control of mitochondrial function.Redox biology · 2020Review
- Review
- Sex-associated differences in mitochondrial function in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and brain.Biology of sex differences · 2018Article
- Estrogens regulate life and death in mitochondria.Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes · 2017Review
- Role of Sex Hormones on Brain Mitochondrial Function, with Special Reference to Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2017Review
- Role of Estrogen and Other Sex Hormones in Brain Aging. Neuroprotection and DNA Repair.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2017Article
- Progestogens in menopausal hormone therapy.Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review · 2015Review
- Protective actions of 17β-estradiol and progesterone on oxidative neuronal injury induced by organometallic compounds.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2015Review
- Bioenergetic differences between MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells and their regulation by oestradiol and tamoxifen.The Biochemical journal · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The impact of clinical progestins used in contraception and hormone therapies on the metabolic capacity of the brain has long-term implications for neurological health in pre- and postmenopausal women. Previous analyses indicated that progesterone and 17β-estradiol (E2) sustain and enhance brain mitochondrial energy-transducing capacity. Herein we determined the impact of the clinical progestin, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), on glycolysis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function in brain. Ovariectomized female rats were treated with MPA, E2, E2+MPA, or vehicle with ovary-intact rats serving as a positive control. MPA alone and MPA plus E2 resulted in diminished mitochondrial protein levels for pyruvate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, ATP synthase, manganese-superoxide dismutase, and peroxiredoxin V. MPA alone did not rescue the ovariectomy-induced decrease in mitochondrial bioenergetic function, whereas the coadministration of E2 and MPA exhibited moderate efficacy. However, the coadministration of MPA was detrimental to antioxidant defense, including manganese-superoxide dismutase activity/expression and peroxiredoxin V expression. Accumulated lipid peroxides were cleared by E2 treatment alone but not in combination with MPA. Furthermore, MPA abolished E2-induced enhancement of mitochondrial respiration in primary cultures of the hippocampal neurons and glia. Collectively these findings indicate that the effects of MPA differ significantly from the bioenergetic profile induced by progesterone and that, overall, MPA induced a decline in glycolytic and oxidative phosphorylation protein and activity. These preclinical findings on the basis of acute exposure to MPA raise concerns regarding neurological health after chronic use of MPA in contraceptive and hormone therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.