SynthesisThe American journal of clinical nutrition2011
Energy expenditure in adults living in developing compared with industrialized countries: a meta-analysis of doubly labeled water studies.
Synthesis in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06883591 (Physical Activity in Patients After Resurfacing and Total Hip Arthroplasty), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Physical Activity in Patients After Resurfacing and Total Hip Arthroplasty: an Observational Follow-up Study 15 Years After Surgery.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do African American women require fewer calories to maintain weight?: Results from a controlled feeding trial.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2012Trial
- Estimating physical activity using a cell phone questionnaire sent by means of short message service (SMS): a randomized population-based study.European journal of epidemiology · 2012Trial
- Hunter-gatherer energetics and human obesity.PloS one · 2012Trial
- Longitudinal and cross-sectional evidence that daily resting and activity energy expenditures are independent in humans.The Journal of physiology · 2026Article
- Why Do Black Women Have a Higher Obesity Prevalence Than White Women in the United States?Demography · 2025Article
- Physical activity is directly associated with total energy expenditure without evidence of constraint or compensation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Observational
- Neandertal Cold Adaptation: Technological, Anatomical, and Physiological Responses to Cold Stress in One of Our Closest Fossil Relatives.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Energy expenditure and obesity across the economic spectrum.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Metabolic scaling, energy allocation tradeoffs, and the evolution of humans' unique metabolism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Total daily energy expenditure and elevated water turnover in a small-scale semi-nomadic pastoralist society from Northern Kenya.Annals of human biology · 2024Article
- Association between doubly labelled water-calibrated energy intake and objectively measured physical activity with mortality risk in older adults.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2023Article
- The aorta in humans and African great apes, and cardiac output and metabolic levels in human evolution.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Living Naked in the Cold: New Insights into Metabolic Feasibility in Primeval Cultures.Bioscience · 2023Review
- Impact of energy availability and physical activity on variation in fertility across human populations.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2023Review
- High daily energy expenditure of Tuvan nomadic pastoralists living in an extreme cold environment.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The energy balance hypothesis of obesity: do the laws of thermodynamics explain excessive adiposity?European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Review
- Sex differences and shifts in body composition, physical activity, and total energy expenditure across a 3-month expedition.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2022Article
- Energy Imbalance Gap, Anthropometric Measures, Lifestyle, and Sociodemographic Correlates in Latin American Adults-Results from the ELANS Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- A new doubly labelled water anthropometry-based equation for prediction of total daily energy expenditure in older people from low- and middle-income countries.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is an assumption that people in developing countries have a higher total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) than do people in developed nations, but few objective data for this assertion exist.
objectiveWe conducted a meta-analysis of TEE and PAL by using data from countries that have a low or middle human development index (HDI) compared with those with a high HDI to better understand how energy-expenditure variables are associated with development status and population differences in body size.
designWe performed a literature search for studies in which energy expenditure was measured by using doubly labeled water. Mean data on age, weight, body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)), TEE, and PAL were extracted, and HDI status was assessed. Pooled estimates of the mean effect by sex were obtained, and the extent to which age, weight, HDI status, and year of publication explained heterogeneity was assessed.
resultsA total of 98 studies (14 studies from low- or middle-HDI countries) that represented 183 cohorts and 4972 individuals were included. Mean (±SE) BMI was lower in countries with a low or middle HDI than in those with a high HDI for both men and women (22.7 ± 1.0 compared with 26.0 ± 0.7, respectively, in men and 24.3 ± 0.7 compared with 26.6 ± 0.4, respectively, in women). In meta-regression models, there was an inverse association of age (P < 0.001) and a positive association of weight (P < 0.001) with TEE for both sexes; there was an association of age only in men with PAL (P < 0.001). There was no association of HDI status with either TEE or PAL.
conclusionTEE adjusted for weight and age or PAL did not differ significantly between developing and industrialized countries, which calls into question the role of energy expenditure in the cause of obesity at the population level.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.