Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21159636›Full record

ArticleCancer research2010

Longitudinal, noninvasive imaging of T-cell effector function and proliferation in living subjects.

Manishkumar R Patel, Ya-Fang Chang, Ian Y Chen, Michael H Bachmann, Xinrui Yan, Christopher H Contag, Sanjiv S Gambhir

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer research, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Molecular Imaging with Reporter Genes: Has Its Promise Been Delivered?Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2019
    Review
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  12. Engineering molecular imaging strategies for regenerative medicine.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2018
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Manishkumar R PatelMolecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Ya-Fang Chang
Ian Y Chen
Michael H Bachmann
Xinrui Yan
Christopher H Contag
Sanjiv S Gambhir
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University · TWStanford University · US

Funding

TUMOR SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES IN BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATIONP01CA049605 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI David B. Miklos · 1989 to 2026
$73.3M
Small Animal ImagingP50CA114747 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI RAO, JIANGHONG · 2005 to 2014
$18.2M
Reporter Imaging of Protein-Protein InteractionsR01CA082214 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GAMBHIR, SANJIV S · 1999 to 2019
$5.9M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA049605NCI NIH HHS P01 CA49605-19NCI NIH HHS P50 CA114747NCI NIH HHS P50CA114747NCI NIH HHS R01 CA082214
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adoptive immunotherapy is evolving to assume an increasing role in treating cancer. Most imaging studies in adoptive immunotherapy to date have focused primarily on locating tumor-specific T cells rather than understanding their effector functions. In this study, we report the development of a noninvasive imaging strategy to monitor T-cell activation in living subjects by linking a reporter gene to the Granzyme B promoter (pGB), whose transcriptional activity is known to increase during T-cell activation. Because pGB is relatively weak and does not lead to sufficient reporter gene expression for noninvasive imaging, we specifically employed 2 signal amplification strategies, namely the Two Step Transcription Amplification (TSTA) strategy and the cytomegalovirus enhancer (CMVe) strategy, to maximize firefly luciferase reporter gene expression. Although both amplification strategies were capable of increasing pGB activity in activated primary murine splenocytes, only the level of bioluminescence activity achieved with the CMVe strategy was adequate for noninvasive imaging in mice. Using T cells transduced with a reporter vector containing the hybrid pGB-CMVe promoter, we were able to optically image T-cell effector function longitudinally in response to tumor antigens in living mice. This methodology has the potential to accelerate the study of adoptive immunotherapy in preclinical cancer models.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell Line, TumorEnhancer Elements, GeneticGenes, ReporterGranzymesLuminescent MeasurementsLymphocyte ActivationMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicPromoter Regions, GeneticThymomaThymus NeoplasmsT-LymphocytesT-Lymphocytes, CytotoxicTranscription, GeneticGranzymes

Identifiers

PMID21159636
PMCPMC3057959
OpenAlexW2129143245

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.