Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21157477›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2011

Differential effects of walnuts vs almonds on improving metabolic and endocrine parameters in PCOS.

S Kalgaonkar, R U Almario, D Gurusinghe, E M Garamendi, W Buchan, K Kim, S E Karakas

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03224533 (Association Between Walnut Consumption and Diabetes Risk in NHANES May be Gender Sex Specific), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03224533 completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Association Between Walnut Consumption and Diabetes Risk in NHANES May be Gender Sex Specific

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of California, Los AngelesRan2015 to 2017Enrolled34,121ConditionsDiabetes MellitusArmsDiabetes Outcome
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. The Plasma Glycome Differences Between Women with PCOS and Healthy Controls.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

S KalgaonkarDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
R U Almario
D Gurusinghe
E M Garamendi
W Buchan
K Kim
S E Karakas
Diabetes Australia · AUCalifornia State University, Sacramento · USUniversity of California, Davis · US

Funding

Walnuts vs. Walnut-Oil, Glucose Homeostasis, PCOSR21AT002280 · NCCIH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI KARAKAS, SIDIKA E · 2006 to 2007
$449k
NCCIH NIH HHS R21 AT002280
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and increased inflammation, which all benefit from dietary intake of monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and n-3 PUFA). Our goal was to compare the effects of MUFA-rich almonds vs n-3/n-6 PUFA-rich walnuts on metabolic and endocrine parameters in PCOS. SUBJECTS/

methodsThirty-one PCOS patients randomly received either walnuts or almonds containing 31 g of total fat per day for 6 weeks. At the beginning and at the end, anthropometric parameters, fasting lipids, phospholipid-fatty acids, inflammatory markers, androgens, oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) and frequently sampled intravenous-GTT were obtained.

resultsWeight remained stable. Within group, walnuts increased the n-3/n-6 essential PUFA in the diet and plasma phospholipids. Walnuts decreased low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 6% from 3.76 ± 0.27 to 3.38 ± 0.22 mmol/l (P = 0.05) and apoprotein B by 11% from 0.72 ± 0.04 to 0.64 ± 0.05 g/l (P < 0.03). Although almonds also reduced low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 10% and apoprotein B by 9%, these were not significant. Walnuts increased insulin response during OGTT by 26% (P < 0.02). Both walnuts and almonds increased adiponectin (walnuts from 9.5 ± 1.6 to 11.3 ± 1.8 μg per 100 ml, P = 0.0241; almonds from 10.1 ± 1.5 to 12.2 ± 1.4 μg/dl, P = 0.0262). Walnuts decreased HgBA1 from 5.7 ± 0.1 to 5.5 ± 0.1% (P = 0.0006) with significant intergroup difference from almonds (P=0.0470). Walnuts increased sex hormone-binding globulin from 38.3 ± 4.1 to 43.1 ± 4.3 nmol/l (P=0.0038) and almonds reduced free androgen index from 2.6 ± 0.4 to 1.8 ± 0.3 (P = 0.0470).

conclusionNut intake exerted beneficial effects on plasma lipids and androgens in PCOS.

Indexed as

AdultAndrogensBlood GlucoseCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLDietary Fats, UnsaturatedFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6FemaleGlucose Tolerance TestHumansInflammationInsulinJuglansLipid MetabolismPolycystic Ovary SyndromeAndrogensBlood GlucoseCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLDietary Fats, UnsaturatedFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6Insulin

Identifiers

PMID21157477
OpenAlexW2092829248

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.