ArticleAIDS research and therapy2010
Early development of non-hodgkin lymphoma following initiation of newer class antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients - implications for immune reconstitution.
Article in AIDS research and therapy, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interactions of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy With Neutrophils and Platelets.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Biochemical activity of RAGs is impeded by Dolutegravir, an HIV integrase inhibitor.Cell death discovery · 2020Article
- HIV‑1 integrase inhibitors targeting various DDE transposases: Retroviral integration versus RAG‑mediated recombination (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2019Review
- Article
- Development and application of a canine endogenous internal positive control for use in real-time PCR assays.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2018Article
- HIV integrase inhibitor, Elvitegravir, impairs RAG functions and inhibits V(D)J recombination.Cell death & disease · 2017Article
- Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome-associated Burkitt lymphoma after combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2015Review
- Noninfectious pulmonary complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection.The American journal of the medical sciences · 2014Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus-associated lung malignancies.Clinics in chest medicine · 2013Review
- Immune reconstitution syndrome presenting as probable AIDS-related lymphoma: a case report.AIDS research and therapy · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn the HAART era, the incidence of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is decreasing. We describe cases of NHL among patients with multi-class antiretroviral resistance diagnosed rapidly after initiating newer-class antiretrovirals, and examine the immunologic and virologic factors associated with potential IRIS-mediated NHL.
methodsDuring December 2006 to January 2008, eligible HIV-infected patients from two affiliated clinics accessed Expanded Access Program antiretrovirals of raltegravir, etravirine, and/or maraviroc with optimized background. A NHL case was defined as a pathologically-confirmed tissue diagnosis in a patient without prior NHL developing symptoms after starting newer-class antiretrovirals. Mean change in CD4 and log10 VL in NHL cases compared to controls was analyzed at week 12, a time point at which values were collected among all cases.
resultsFive cases occurred among 78 patients (mean incidence = 64.1/1000 patient-years). All cases received raltegravir and one received etravirine. Median symptom onset from newer-class antiretroviral initiation was 5 weeks. At baseline, the median CD4 and VL for NHL cases (n = 5) versus controls (n = 73) were 44 vs.117 cells/mm3 (p = 0.09) and 5.2 vs. 4.2 log10 (p = 0.06), respectively. The mean increase in CD4 at week 12 in NHL cases compared to controls was 13 (n = 5) vs. 74 (n = 50)(p = 0.284). Mean VL log10 reduction in NHL cases versus controls at week 12 was 2.79 (n = 5) vs. 1.94 (n = 50)(p = 0.045).
conclusionsAn unexpectedly high rate of NHL was detected among treatment-experienced patients achieving a high level of virologic response with newer-class antiretrovirals. We observed trends toward lower baseline CD4 and higher baseline VL in NHL cases, with a significantly greater decline in VL among cases by 12 weeks. HIV-related NHL can occur in the setting of immune reconstitution. Potential immunologic, virologic, and newer-class antiretroviral-specific factors associated with rapid development of NHL warrants further investigation.
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Registered trials
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