Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21151189›Full record

ArticleMolecular psychiatry2012

Allowing for sex differences increases power in a GWAS of multiplex Autism families.

A T-H Lu, R M Cantor

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Expression of the Human R163C-International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Gene×environment interactions in autism spectrum disorders.Current topics in developmental biology · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Bio-collections in autism research.Molecular autism · 2017
    Review
  16. De novo variants in sporadic cases of childhood onset schizophrenia.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2016
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Sex/gender differences and autism: setting the scene for future research.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2015
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

A T-H LuDepartment of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
R M Cantor
Neurobehavioral Systems · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

A Comprehensive Approach to Identification of Autism Susceptibility GenesR01MH081754 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GESCHWIND, DANIEL H · 2008 to 2012
$14.6M
Center for Genomic and Phenomic Studies in AutismU24MH081810 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI LAJONCHERE, CLARA M · 2007 to 2011
$8.3M
NIMH NIH HHS 1U24MH081810NIMH NIH HHS MH081754
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Current genomewide association studies account for only a small fraction of the estimated heritabilities of genetically complex neuropsychiatric disorders, indicating they are likely to result from the small effects of numerous predisposing variants, many of which have gone undetected. The statistical power to detect associations of common variants with small effects is increased by conducting joint association tests of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), an additional risk factor (F), and their interaction. F can represent an environmental exposure, another genotype or any source of genetic heterogeneity. In case and control studies, logistic regression makes joint tests straightforward. This analytic method cannot be employed directly when SNP transmission tests are used to detect associations in parent/affected child trios and multiplex families. However, the method can be implemented using the case/pseudocontrol approach. We applied this approach to analyze data from a genomewide association study of multiplex families ascertained for Autism Spectrum Disorder, where sex was used to define the F. Joint analyses revealed two associations exceeding genomewide significance. One novel gene, Ryandine Receptor 2, implicated in calcium channel defects, was identified with a joint P-value of 3.9E-11. Calcium channel defects have been connected to Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by Timothy Syndrome, which is Mendelian, and a previous targeted sex-specific association analysis of idiopathic Autism. A second gene, uridine phosphorylase 2, with a joint P-value of 2.3E-9, has been previously linked and associated with Autism in independent samples. These findings highlight two Autism candidate genes for follow-up studies.

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseSex CharacteristicsChildChild Development Disorders, PervasiveFamily HealthFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHumansLinkage DisequilibriumMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotideProbabilityRisk FactorsRyanodine Receptor Calcium Release ChannelUridine PhosphorylaseRyanodine Receptor Calcium Release ChannelUridine Phosphorylaseuridine phosphorylase-2, human

Identifiers

PMID21151189
OpenAlexW2008197172

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.