ArticleOncogene2011
Cx43 suppresses mammary tumor metastasis to the lung in a Cx43 mutant mouse model of human disease.
Article in Oncogene, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Injury-induced connexin 43 expression regulates endothelial wound healing.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2025Article
- Connexin-43 in Cancer: Above and Beyond Gap Junctions!Cancers · 2024Review
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- Mapping the Anti-Cancer Activity of α-Connexin Carboxyl-Terminal (aCT1) Peptide in Resistant HER2+ Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Exposure to brominated flame retardantsFrontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Multi-omics analysis of expression profile and prognostic values of connexin family in LUAD.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Correlation between connexin 43 expression in circulating tumor cells and biological characteristics of breast cancer.Heliyon · 2023Article
- DNA Methylation Changes in Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients.Biological research for nursing · 2023Article
- Ubiquitin-Related Modifier 1 (URM-1) Modulates Cx43 in Breast Cancer Cell Lines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- New fluorobenzamidine exerts antitumor activity against breast cancer in mice via pro-apoptotic activity.Discover oncology · 2022Article
- The role of connexins in breast cancer: from misregulated cell communication to aberrant intracellular signaling.Tissue barriers · 2022Review
- Dysregulation of lncRNA-CCRR contributes to brain metastasis of breast cancer by intercellular coupling via regulating connexin 43 expression.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Connexins in Cancer: Jekyll or Hyde?Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Functional role of WW domain-containing proteins in tumor biology and diseases: Insight into the role in ubiquitin-proteasome system.FASEB bioAdvances · 2020Article
- Ultrastructure of gap junction and Cx43 expression in gastric cancer tissues of the patients.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2020Article
- Regulation of miR-1-Mediated Connexin 43 Expression and Cell Proliferation in Dental Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2020Article
- Novel Techniques to Study the Bone-Tumor Microenvironment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2020Review
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gap junctions, the channels formed by the connexin (Cx) family of proteins, are responsible for direct intercellular communication. Although connexins are considered as tumor suppressors, their overall role in cancer onset, progression and metastasis is somewhat controversial. This study uses a novel Cx43 mutant mouse model (G60S mice) and cross-breeding strategies to determine the role of Cx43 in all stages of breast tumorigenesis. G60S mice were cross-bred with ErbB2 overexpressing mice, and spontaneous and 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA)-induced tumor development was evaluated. Mice were killed when tumors reached ∼1 cm(3) or when mice showed signs of critical illness. In both spontaneous and DMBA studies, onset of palpable tumors was delayed in G60S mice compared with mice in control groups. Moreover, while tumors from control mice reached the size threshold, most DMBA-exposed Cx43 mutant mice were killed prematurely because of labored breathing, independent of the presence of a palpable tumor. Reduced Cx43 levels in Cx43 mutant mice were accompanied by extensive mammary gland hyperplasia. Lung histology revealed that all Cx43 mutant mice exhibited mammaglobin-positive mammary gland metastases to the lung, and the number of metastases was increased by threefold in Cx43 mutant mice on treatment with DMBA. Thus, while reduced levels of Cx43 delayed the onset of palpable tumors, normal Cx43 levels inhibited mammary gland tumor metastasis to the lungs. Understanding the mechanisms of how Cx43, which is expressed primarily in myoepithelial cells, inhibits mammary gland tumor metastasis is critical as Cx43 is assessed as a candidate for therapeutic intervention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.