ArticleThe journal of pain2011
Formalin-induced c-fos expression in the brain of infant rats.
Article in The journal of pain, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypothalamic c-Fos expression changes during late chicken embryonic development and increases following experimental stimulation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Infant pain vs. pain with parental suppression: Immediate and enduring impact on brain, pain and affect.PloS one · 2023Article
- Neurobiology of Infant Fear and Anxiety: Impacts of Delayed Amygdala Development and Attachment Figure Quality.Biological psychiatry · 2021Review
- NFAT5 Deficiency Alleviates Formalin-Induced Inflammatory Pain Through mTOR.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Social Regulation of Negative Valence Systems During Development.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2021Review
- Mapping of pain circuitry in early post-natal development using manganese-enhanced MRI in rats.Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Article
- Effects of Topical Anesthetics on Behavior, Plasma Corticosterone, and Blood Glucose Levels after Tail Biopsy of C57BL/6NHSD Mice (Mus musculus).Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2016Article
- Preparation, Characterization, and Pharmacological Activity of Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor (Poaceae) Leaf Essential Oil of β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2015Article
- Recruitment of hypothalamic orexin neurons after formalin injections in adult male rats exposed to a neonatal immune challenge.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2015Article
- Evidence for the involvement of spinal cord-inhibitory and cytokines-modulatory mechanisms in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of hecogenin acetate, a steroidal sapogenin-acetylated, in mice.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014Article
- Altered formalin-induced pain and Fos induction in the periaqueductal grey of preadolescent rats following neonatal LPS exposure.PloS one · 2014Article
- Sensory neuron development in mouse coccygeal vertebrae and its relationship to tail biopsies for genotyping.PloS one · 2014Article
- Inflammatory pain and corticosterone response in infant rats: effect of 5-HT1A agonist buspirone prior to gestational stress.Mediators of inflammation · 2013Article
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1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledIn the fetal, infant, and adult rat, injury induces a well-defined behavioral response and induces c-fos expression in the spinal cord dorsal horn. There is more limited information about the processing of noxious stimulation in the infant brain. We describe here the appearance of the Fos protein in the brain of fetal and infant rats following formalin-induced injury. Regions were chosen for analysis with a special focus on brain loci that express c-fos in the adult. No Fos positive cells were found in the brains of fetuses; newborns did not show increased Fos expression after formalin injection in any structure examined. At 3 and 14 days of age, there was a significant increase in Fos staining induced by formalin in the ventral lateral medulla. In contrast, paraventricular and medial dorsal nuclei of the thalamus, the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, and periaqueductal gray of the midbrain showed increased levels of Fos protein only at 14 days of age. We hypothesize that this developmental pattern is related not only to the maturation of pain perception but also to development of autonomic and defensive reactions to pain in the infant. PERSPECTIVE: Because the infant processes pain differently than the adult, knowledge of those differences informs pediatric clinical practice. Using Fos expression as a marker of neural activity in the rat, we show that the pattern of brain activation is immature at birth but is in place by 14 days of age.
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