ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2011
Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C and associated risk behaviours amongst injecting drug users in three Afghan cities.
Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of HIV and HCV among injecting drug users in three selected WHO-EMRO countries: a meta-analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2021Pooled it
- The status of hepatitis C virus infection among people who inject drugs in the Middle East and North Africa.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2020Pooled it
- Hepatitis C virus viremic rate in the Middle East and North Africa: Systematic synthesis, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Using hepatitis C prevalence to estimate HIV epidemic potential among people who inject drugs in the Middle East and North Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- HIV among people who inject drugs in the Middle East and North Africa: systematic review and data synthesis.PLoS medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of male barbers on hepatitis B and C transmission in Herat City, Afghanistan: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Understanding injecting drug use in Afghanistan: A scoping review.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2022Article
- Determinants of health among people who use illicit drugs in the conflict-affected countries of Afghanistan, Colombia and Myanmar: a systematic review of epidemiological evidence.Conflict and health · 2022Review
- First Report from Afghanistan on the Prevalence of Blood-Borne Infections: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study for an Epidemiological Assessment.Journal of blood medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- First Report of Prevalence of Blood-Borne Viruses (HBV, HCV, HIV, HTLV-1 and Parvovirus B19) Among Hemophilia Patients in Afghanistan.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- HCV prevalence can predict HIV epidemic potential among people who inject drugs: mathematical modeling analysis.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Impact of conflict and displacement on risk behaviours amongst people who inject drugs in Kabul, Afghanistan.The International journal on drug policy · 2016Article
- Reviewing harm reduction for people who inject drugs in Asia: the necessity for growth.Harm reduction journal · 2015Review
- Hepatitis C and HIV incidence and harm reduction program use in a conflict setting: an observational cohort of injecting drug users in Kabul, Afghanistan.Harm reduction journal · 2015Observational
- Burden of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases in Middle East and North Africa: Results of Global Burden of Diseases Study from 1990 to 2010.Middle East journal of digestive diseases · 2015Review
- Occult hepatitis B virus infection among injecting drug users in the Central-West Region of Brazil.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2013Article
- Cross-sectional assessment of prevalence and correlates of blood-borne and sexually-transmitted infections among Afghan National Army recruits.BMC infectious diseases · 2012Article
- Hepatitis C virus-host interactions: Etiopathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.World journal of experimental medicine · 2012Article
- Prevalence of hepatitis B virus genotypes in HBsAg positive individuals of Afghanistan.Virology journal · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV amongst injecting drug users (IDUs) has been described in Kabul but little data exists for other Afghan cities. We assessed HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), and C virus (HCV) prevalence and associated risk behaviours amongst IDUs in Hirat, Jalalabad, and Mazar-i-Sharif, Afghanistan.
methodsConsented participants reporting injecting drugs within the previous 6 months completed interviewer-administered questionnaires and testing for HIV, hepatitis C antibody (HCV Ab), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Logistic regression was used to determine characteristics associated with each infection.
resultsOf 623 participants, most (98.7%) were male. Prevalence of HIV, HCV, and HBV was 1.8% (95% CI: 0.88-3.2), 36.0% (95% CI: 33-41), and 5.8% (95% CI: 3.9-7.6), respectively. All HIV cases and highest HCV prevalence were detected in Hirat; HBV prevalence was highest in Jalalabad. Amongst male IDUs, 62.9% had been imprisoned, of whom 17.2% (n=66) injected in prison. High risk behaviours were common; 30.2% reported needle sharing in the last 6 months, 23.1% reported sex with another male, and 50.4% reported paying females for sex. Behaviours varied significantly by site; generally, Hirat participants reported fewer sexual risk behaviours. Sex with other males was negatively associated with both HBV and HCV in multivariate logistic regression analysis; no injecting behaviours were associated with both HBV and HCV.
conclusionsWhilst HIV prevalence is low, HCV prevalence and high risk behaviours were common in these populations. Regional variations should be considered in programming to prevent transmission of HIV and viral hepatitis amongst IDUs in Afghanistan.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.