ReviewFrontiers in neuroendocrinology2011
11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and the brain: from zero to hero, a decade of progress.
Review in Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 248 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Short Study Exploring the Effect of the Glycaemic Index of the Diet on Energy intake and Salivary Steroid Hormones.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Maternal Hypoxia Alters Glucocorticoid Regulation in Adult Female Offspring and Their Embryonic Progeny.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Article
- Review
- Evidence of 11β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Protein Expression and Enzymatic Activity in the Adult Rat Brain.Neuromolecular medicine · 2026Article
- Ameliorative effect of glycyrrhizin in mitochondrial drug-resistant epilepsy: role of HMGB1 inhibition.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Adversity, adiposity, nutrition and metabolic well-being in multi-ethnic Asia.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
- Review
- Clinical Pharmacology and Approach to Dose Selection of Emestedastat, a Novel Tissue Cortisol Synthesis Inhibitor for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disease.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2025Review
- The Fetal Environment and the Development of Hypertension-The Epigenetic Modification by Glucocorticoids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Innovative approach for the qualitative-quantitative assessment of neurodevelopment biomarkers research in placenta tissue using immunohistochemistry digital image analysis.Biology methods & protocols · 2025Article
- Diagnostic and therapeutic use of oral micronized progesterone in endocrinology.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2024Review
- Sex differences in offspring risk and resilience following 11β-hydroxylase antagonism in a rodent model of maternal immune activation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Glucocorticoid effects on the brain: from adaptive developmental plasticity to allostatic overload.The Journal of experimental biology · 2024Review
- The Effects of Neuroactive Steroids on Myelin in Health and Disease.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2024Review
- Cortisol as a Target for Treating Mental Disorders: A Promising Avenue for Therapy.Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Neuro-Immunometabolic Hypothesis of the Developmental Origins.Biology · 2023Article
- UrinaryMetabolites · 2023Article
- Using LC-MS/MS to Determine Salivary Steroid Reference Intervals in a European Older Adult Population.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Novel targets for potential therapeutic use in Diabetes mellitus.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Review
- Can Resveratrol Influence the Activity of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1? A Combined In Silico and In Vivo Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have profound effects on brain development and adult CNS function. Excess or insufficient glucocorticoids cause myriad abnormalities from development to ageing. The actions of glucocorticoids within cells are determined not only by blood steroid levels and target cell receptor density, but also by intracellular metabolism by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11β-HSD). 11β-HSD1 regenerates active glucocorticoids from their inactive 11-keto derivatives and is widely expressed throughout the adult CNS. Elevated hippocampal and neocortical 11β-HSD1 is observed with ageing and causes cognitive decline; its deficiency prevents the emergence of cognitive defects with age. Conversely, 11β-HSD2 is a dehydrogenase, inactivating glucocorticoids. The major central effects of 11β-HSD2 occur in development, as expression of 11β-HSD2 is high in fetal brain and placenta. Deficient feto-placental 11β-HSD2 results in a life-long phenotype of anxiety and cardiometabolic disorders, consistent with early life glucocorticoid programming.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.