Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21143689›Full record

ReviewAmerican journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)2011

Female genital tract secretions and semen impact the development of microbicides for the prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.

Betsy C Herold, Pedro M Mesquita, Rebecca P Madan, Marla J Keller

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Phase 1 Pharmacokinetic Trial of 2 Intravaginal Rings Containing Different Dose Strengths of Vicriviroc (MK-4176) and MK-2048.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019
    Trial
  2. Trial
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  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Microbicides: still a long road to success.Trends in microbiology · 2012
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Microbicides and HIV: A Review and an update.Indian journal of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS · 2012
    Article
  17. Microbicides: topical prevention against HIV.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2012
    Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Betsy C HeroldDepartment of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10467, USA. betsy.herold@einstein.yu.edu
Pedro M Mesquita
Rebecca P Madan
Marla J Keller
Albert Einstein College of Medicine · US

Funding

Sustained Intravaginal Delivery Technologies Against HIV and HSVU19AI076980 · NIAID · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI MITCHNICK, MARK · 2009 to 2012
$10.1M
Impact of HSV-2 on Female Genital Tract Mucosal Immunity & HIV InfectionR01AI065309 · NIAID · MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NYU · PI HEROLD, BETSY C. · 2005 to 2014
$5.1M
Microbicide Effects on Efficacy, Safety, Innate ImmunityU01AI069551 · NIAID · MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE OF NYU · PI KELLER, MARLA J · 2005 to 2010
$2.3M
Novel Mucosal Models Predictive of Microbicide SafetyR33AI079763 · NIAID · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI HEROLD, BETSY C., KELLER, MARLA J · 2010 to 2012
$1.4M
Novel Mucosal Models Predictive of Microbicide SafetyR21AI079763 · NIAID · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI HEROLD, BETSY C., KELLER, MARLA J · 2008 to 2009
$457k
NIAID NIH HHS AI065309NIAID NIH HHS AI076980NIAID NIH HHS AI079763NIAID NIH HHS AI69551NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI065309NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI079763NIAID NIH HHS R33 AI079763NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI069551NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI076980
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pharmacologic strategies for the prevention of HIV include vaccines, post-exposure prophylaxis with antiretroviral therapy, and topical microbicides. Vaginal microbicides have the potential to augment innate defenses in the genital tract but may also disrupt endogenous protection and increase HIV acquisition risk, as observed in clinical trials of nonoxynol-9. The initially disappointing results of microbicide clinical trials stimulated the development of more sensitive and comprehensive pre-clinical safety studies, which include dual-chamber culture systems to model the epithelial barrier and post-coital studies to evaluate the effects of semen and sexual intercourse on microbicide efficacy. This review discusses the key factors that contribute to a healthy female genital tract environment, the impact of semen on mucosal defense, and how our understanding of these mediators informs the development of effective vaginal microbicides.

Indexed as

SemenAnti-Infective Agents, LocalFemaleGenitalia, FemaleHIV InfectionsHumansImmunity, MucosalNonoxynolSexually Transmitted DiseasesAnti-Infective Agents, LocalNonoxynol

Identifiers

PMID21143689
PMCPMC3058365
OpenAlexW1492897565

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.