ArticlePlant physiology2011
Both plant and bacterial nitrate reductases contribute to nitric oxide production in Medicago truncatula nitrogen-fixing nodules.
Article in Plant physiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 216 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endogenous Plant Nitrous Oxide Formation: Evidence, Mechanisms and Ecosystem Implications.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Functional divergence and symbiotic significance of nitrate reductase isoforms in Medicago truncatula.Plant physiology · 2026Article
- Dynamics of hemoglobins during nodule development, nitrate response, and dark stress in Lotus japonicus.Journal of experimental botany · 2024Article
- Nitric Oxide in Fungi: Production and Function.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- NPF and NRT2 fromPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The underestimated role of plant root nitric oxide emission under low-oxygen stress.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Exogenous Putrescine Modulates Nitrate Reductase-Dependent NO Production in Cucumber Seedlings Subjected to Salt Stress.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Control of the rhizobium-legume symbiosis by the plant nitrogen demand is tightly integrated at the whole plant level and requires inter-organ systemic signaling.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Signaling by reactive molecules and antioxidants in legume nodules.The New phytologist · 2022Review
- Nitric Oxide Metabolic Pathway in Drought-Stressed Nodules of Faba Bean (International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway: A Mechanism of Hypoxia and Anoxia Tolerance in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Intracellular production of reactive oxygen species and a DAF-FM-related compound in Aspergillus fumigatus in response to antifungal agent exposure.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Nitric Oxide Metabolism Affects Germination inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Common gene expression patterns are observed in rice roots during associations with plant growth-promoting bacteria, Herbaspirillum seropedicae and Azospirillum brasilense.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis of Nitrogen System Regulation on Soybean Plant Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- What do we know from the transcriptomic studies investigating the interactions between plants and plant growth-promoting bacteria?Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Effects of nitrogen levels on gene expression and amino acid metabolism in Welsh onion.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Molecular responses of legumes to abiotic stress: post-translational modifications of proteins and redox signaling.Journal of experimental botany · 2021Review
- The Oxidative Paradox in Low Oxygen Stress in Plants.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Importance of the Rhizosphere Microbiota in Iron Biofortification of Plants.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling and defense molecule of major importance in living organisms. In the model legume Medicago truncatula, NO production has been detected in the nitrogen fixation zone of the nodule, but the systems responsible for its synthesis are yet unknown and its role in symbiosis is far from being elucidated. In this work, using pharmacological and genetic approaches, we explored the enzymatic source of NO production in M. truncatula-Sinorhizobium meliloti nodules under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. When transferred from normoxia to hypoxia, nodule NO production was rapidly increased, indicating that NO production capacity is present in functioning nodules and may be promptly up-regulated in response to decreased oxygen availability. Contrary to roots and leaves, nodule NO production was stimulated by nitrate and nitrite and inhibited by tungstate, a nitrate reductase inhibitor. Nodules obtained with either plant nitrate reductase RNA interference double knockdown (MtNR1/2) or bacterial nitrate reductase-deficient (napA) and nitrite reductase-deficient (nirK) mutants, or both, exhibited reduced nitrate or nitrite reductase activities and NO production levels. Moreover, NO production in nodules was found to be inhibited by electron transfer chain inhibitors, and nodule energy state (ATP-ADP ratio) was significantly reduced when nodules were incubated in the presence of tungstate. Our data indicate that both plant and bacterial nitrate reductase and electron transfer chains are involved in NO synthesis. We propose the existence of a nitrate-NO respiration process in nodules that could play a role in the maintenance of the energy status required for nitrogen fixation under oxygen-limiting conditions.
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