Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21136142›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutical research2011

Formation of protein nano-matrix particles with controlled surface architecture for respiratory drug delivery.

Philip Chi Lip Kwok, Amolnat Tunsirikongkon, William Glover, Hak-Kim Chan

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Dry Powder Inhalers for Delivery of Synthetic Biomolecules.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Pharmacokinetics of inhaled nanotherapeutics for pulmonary delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2020
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Philip Chi Lip KwokAdvanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Building A15, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Amolnat Tunsirikongkon
William Glover
Hak-Kim Chan

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo produce and examine the aerosol performance of protein nano-matrix particles with different surface roughness.

methodsAqueous lysozyme solutions were poured into isopropanol during high-shear mixing to produce nanoparticles by precipitation. The size of the nanoparticles was varied by adjusting the precipitation conditions. The resultant suspensions were spray-dried to obtain micron-sized aggregates (nano-matrices). Smooth particles were made by spray-drying a lysozyme solution. The aggregate size distribution, surface roughness, and cohesion were evaluated. The aerosol performance was assessed by dispersing 10 mg of powder from a Rotahaler(®) at 60 L/min or an Aerolizer® at 100 L/min into a Next Generation Impactor, followed by chemical assay (n=3).

resultsThe median volume diameter and span of the nano-matrix particles were 1.0-1.2 μm and 1.5-1.6, respectively, which were comparable to those of the smooth particles. Surface roughness increased with the size of the primary nanoparticles. The nano-matrix particles were significantly less cohesive than the smooth particles. The fine particle fraction increased linearly with increasing surface roughness and decreasing cohesion.

conclusionsNano-matrix particles with controlled surface architecture were successfully produced by spray-drying nanosuspensions. Aerosol performance was enhanced with increasing surface roughness due to the reduction in cohesion forces.

Indexed as

2-PropanolAdministration, InhalationAerosolsChemistry, PharmaceuticalDrug CarriersDry Powder InhalersLightMicroscopy, Atomic ForceMicroscopy, Electron, ScanningMuramidaseNanoparticlesParticle SizePharmaceutical PreparationsScattering, RadiationSurface Properties2-PropanolAerosolsDrug CarriersMuramidasePharmaceutical Preparations

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.