Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21135147›Full record

ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2011

Gene expression profile correlates with T-cell infiltration and relative survival in glioblastoma patients vaccinated with dendritic cell immunotherapy.

Robert M Prins, Horacio Soto, Vera Konkankit, Sylvia K Odesa, Ascia Eskin, William H Yong, Stanley F Nelson, Linda M Liau

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase I
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04525859 (Direct Injection of Poly-ICLC), which is not on this map. Cited by 266 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
266citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
10.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04525859 phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Direct Injection of Poly-ICLC (Hiltonol®) Vaccine In Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

TypeinterventionalSponsorOncovir, Inc.Ran2020 to 2025Enrolled19ConditionsMalignant Pleural MesotheliomaArmsSafety, Expansion Cohort
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

266 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 456 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies for glioma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Pooled it
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

206 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Robert M PrinsDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-6901, USA. rprins@mednet.ucla.edu
Horacio Soto
Vera Konkankit
Sylvia K Odesa
Ascia Eskin
William H Yong
Stanley F Nelson
Linda M Liau
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Women's CancersP30CA016042 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Samuel Wheeler French · 1985 to 2026
$134.5M
ZDV &3TC NEVIRAPINE COMBINATION THERAPY IN HIV 1 INFECTED INFANTS &M01RR000865 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI WASHINGTON, ARNOLD E. · 1985 to 2011
$43.4M
Dendritic Cell Vaccine Targeting Melanoma-Associated Antigens in Malignant GliomaR01CA112358 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LIAU, LINDA M · 2006 to 2010
$1.3M
CNS Anti-tumor immunity induced by dendritic cell vaccination and TLR agonistsR01CA123396 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI PRINS, ROBERT M · 2007 to 2010
$939k
Immune targeting of melanoma-associated antigens in gliomaK01CA111402 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI PRINS, ROBERT M · 2006 to 2010
$705k
NCI NIH HHS CA16042NCI NIH HHS K01 CA111402NCI NIH HHS K01-CA111402NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016042NCI NIH HHS R01 CA 112358NCI NIH HHS R01 CA112358NCI NIH HHS R01 CA123396NCI NIH HHS R01-CA123396NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR000865NCRR NIH HHS M01-RR00865
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess the feasibility, safety, and toxicity of autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccination and toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists in patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma. Clinical and immune responses were monitored and correlated with tumor gene expression profiles. EXPERIMENTAL

designTwenty-three patients with glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) were enrolled in this dose-escalation study and received three biweekly injections of glioma lysate-pulsed DCs followed by booster vaccinations with either imiquimod or poly-ICLC adjuvant every 3 months until tumor progression. Gene expression profiling, immunohistochemistry, FACS, and cytokine bead arrays were performed on patient tumors and peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

resultsDC vaccinations are safe and not associated with any dose-limiting toxicity. The median overall survival from the time of initial surgical diagnosis of glioblastoma was 31.4 months, with a 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rate of 91%, 55%, and 47%, respectively. Patients whose tumors had mesenchymal gene expression signatures exhibited increased survival following DC vaccination compared with historic controls of the same genetic subtype. Tumor samples with a mesenchymal gene expression signature had a higher number of CD3(+) and CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with glioblastomas of other gene expression signatures (P = 0.006).

conclusionAutologous tumor lysate-pulsed DC vaccination in conjunction with TLR agonists is safe as adjuvant therapy in newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma patients. Our results suggest that the mesenchymal gene expression profile may identify an immunogenic subgroup of glioblastoma that may be more responsive to immune-based therapies.

Indexed as

Gene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticAdultAgedCancer VaccinesCD3 ComplexCD8 AntigensCell SeparationDendritic CellsFemaleFlow CytometryGlioblastomaGliomaHumansImmune SystemImmunohistochemistryCancer VaccinesCD3 ComplexCD8 Antigens

Identifiers

PMID21135147
PMCPMC3071163
OpenAlexW2133499518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.