ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2011
A microbial rhodopsin with a unique retinal composition shows both sensory rhodopsin II and bacteriorhodopsin-like properties.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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29 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Origins of GPCRs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cryo-EM structure of the SRI-HtrI complex reveals the cytoplasmic coupling in an archaeal phototaxis system.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Rhodopsin from Haloquadratum walsbyi is a light-driven magnesium transporter.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Structural insights into light-gating of potassium-selective channelrhodopsin.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Convergent evolution of animal and microbial rhodopsins.RSC advances · 2023Review
- Structural insights into light-driven anion pumping in cyanobacteria.Nature communications · 2022Article
- HwMR is a novel magnesium-associated protein.Biophysical journal · 2022Article
- The Photoreaction of the Proton-Pumping Rhodopsin 1 From the Maize Pathogenic BasidiomyceteFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Article
- Rhodopsins: An Excitingly Versatile Protein Species for Research, Development and Creative Engineering.Frontiers in chemistry · 2022Review
- Pro219 is an electrostatic color determinant in the light-driven sodium pump KR2.Communications biology · 2021Article
- Structure of a retinal chromophore of dark-adapted middle rhodopsin as studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Biophysics and physicobiology · 2021Article
- A distinct lineage of giant viruses brings a rhodopsin photosystem to unicellular marine predators.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Red-shifting mutation of light-driven sodium-pump rhodopsin.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Mimicking Microbial Rhodopsin Isomerization in a Single Crystal.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2019Article
- Haloquadratum walsbyi Yields a Versatile, NADMolecular biotechnology · 2018Article
- Conversion of microbial rhodopsins: insights into functionally essential elements and rational protein engineering.Biophysical reviews · 2017Review
- A phylogenetically distinctive and extremely heat stable light-driven proton pump from the eubacterium Rubrobacter xylanophilus DSM 9941Scientific reports · 2017Article
- A Versatile System for High-Throughput In Situ X-ray Screening and Data Collection of Soluble and Membrane-Protein Crystals.Crystal growth & design · 2016Article
- A Large and Phylogenetically Diverse Class of Type 1 Opsins Lacking a Canonical Retinal Binding Site.PloS one · 2016Article
- Molecular bases for the selection of the chromophore of animal rhodopsins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rhodopsins possess retinal chromophore surrounded by seven transmembrane α-helices, are widespread in prokaryotes and in eukaryotes, and can be utilized as optogenetic tools. Although rhodopsins work as distinctly different photoreceptors in various organisms, they can be roughly divided according to their two basic functions, light-energy conversion and light-signal transduction. In microbes, light-driven proton transporters functioning as light-energy converters have been modified by evolution to produce sensory receptors that relay signals to transducer proteins to control motility. In this study, we cloned and characterized two newly identified microbial rhodopsins from Haloquadratum walsbyi. One of them has photochemical properties and a proton pumping activity similar to the well known proton pump bacteriorhodopsin (BR). The other, named middle rhodopsin (MR), is evolutionarily transitional between BR and the phototactic sensory rhodopsin II (SRII), having an SRII-like absorption maximum, a BR-like photocycle, and a unique retinal composition. The wild-type MR does not have a light-induced proton pumping activity. On the other hand, a mutant MR with two key hydrogen-bonding residues located at the interaction surface with the transducer protein HtrII shows robust phototaxis responses similar to SRII, indicating that MR is potentially capable of the signaling. These results demonstrate that color tuning and insertion of the critical threonine residue occurred early in the evolution of sensory rhodopsins. MR may be a missing link in the evolution from type 1 rhodopsins (microorganisms) to type 2 rhodopsins (animals), because it is the first microbial rhodopsin known to have 11-cis-retinal similar to type 2 rhodopsins.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.