ArticleJournal of diabetes science and technology2010
Stabilized glucagon formulation for bihormonal pump use.
Article in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypoglycemia Detection and Carbohydrate Suggestion in an Artificial Pancreas.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2016Trial
- Glucose-responsive insulin and glucagon delivery (dual-hormone artificial pancreas) in adults with type 1 diabetes: a randomized crossover controlled trial.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2013Trial
- Efficacy determinants of subcutaneous microdose glucagon during closed-loop control.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2010Trial
- Integrated Experimental and Molecular Modeling Techniques to Investigate the Buffer Effects on Glucagon Stability.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Shrinking Fabrication of a Glucose-Responsive Glucagon Microneedle Patch.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Review
- Adjunctive Therapies to Optimize Closed-loop Glucose Control.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2021Article
- Engineering biopharmaceutical formulations to improve diabetes management.Science translational medicine · 2021Review
- Dual self-regulated delivery of insulin and glucagon by a hybrid patch.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Just how prevalent are peptide therapeutic products? A critical review.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Realizing a Closed-Loop (Artificial Pancreas) System for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes.Endocrine reviews · 2019Review
- Novel Preparations of Glucagon for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypoglycemia.Current diabetes reports · 2019Review
- The Use of Surfactants to Solubilise a Glucagon Analogue.Pharmaceutical research · 2018Article
- Stable Liquid Glucagon: Beyond Emergency Hypoglycemia Rescue.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2018Review
- Stability of Commercially Available Glucagon Formulation for Dual-Hormone Artificial Pancreas Clinical Use.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2017Article
- Coming of age: the artificial pancreas for type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2016Review
- Development of stable liquid glucagon formulations for use in artificial pancreas.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2015Article
- Biochemical stabilization of glucagon at alkaline pH.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2014Article
- Closed-loop artificial pancreas systems: engineering the algorithms.Diabetes care · 2014Article
- Mechanisms of glucagon degradation at alkaline pH.Peptides · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA promising approach to treat diabetes is the development of an automated bihormonal pump administering glucagon and insulin. A physically and chemically stable glucagon formulation does not currently exist. Our goal is to develop a glucagon formulation that is stable as a clear ungelled solution, free of fibrils at a pH of 7 for at least 7 days at 37 °C.
methodsExperimental glucagon formulations were studied for stability at 25 and 37 °C. Chemical degradation was quantified by reverse phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Physical changes were studied using light obscuration and visual observations.
resultsGlucagon content of Biodel glucagon and Lilly glucagon at pH 2 and pH 4, as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography at 25 °C, was 100% at 7 days compared to 87% and <7%, respectively. Light obscuration measurements indicated Lilly glucagon at pH 4 formed an opaque gel, while Biodel glucagon formulation remained a clear solution beyond 50 days at 37 °C. Visual observations confirmed these results.
conclusionsBiodel glucagon is a stabilized formulation at physiological pH and remains chemically and physically stable beyond 7 days at 37 °C, suggesting its utility for use in a bihormonal pump.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.