ReviewCNS drugs2011
Oral therapies for multiple sclerosis: a review of agents in phase III development or recently approved.
Review in CNS drugs, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fingolimod for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Review
- Review
- The effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate monotherapy in the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Current neuropharmacology · 2014Article
- Dimethyl fumarate: a review of its use in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.CNS drugs · 2014Review
- Influence of drugs on gap junctions in glioma cell lines and primary astrocytes in vitro.Frontiers in physiology · 2014Review
- Review
- Dimethyl fumarate.Hospital pharmacy · 2013Article
- Facilitating medication adherence in patients with multiple sclerosis.International journal of MS care · 2013Article
- Large granular lymphocyte leukemia: from dysregulated pathways to therapeutic targets.Future oncology (London, England) · 2012Review
- Targeting NOX enzymes in the central nervous system: therapeutic opportunities.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2012Review
- Practice patterns of US neurologists in patients with CIS, RRMS, or RIS: A consensus study.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2012Article
- Article
- Chronic cladribine administration increases amyloid beta peptide generation and plaque burden in mice.PloS one · 2012Article
- Review
- Article
- Fingolimod: a review of its use in the management of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.CNS drugs · 2011Review
- Multiple sclerosis: Cladribine--a contentious therapeutic contender for MS.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2011Article
- Biological roles and therapeutic potential of hydroxy-carboxylic Acid receptors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2011Article
- Development of oral immunomodulatory agents in the management of multiple sclerosis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several disease-modifying therapies are approved for the management of multiple sclerosis (MS). While reasonably effective, these therapies require long-term parenteral self-injection, which is inconvenient for some patients and can be associated with injection-related adverse effects. Consequently, there is a need in MS for an oral therapy option. Currently, five oral therapies are in phase III development or have recently been approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS: cladribine (approved in Russia and Australia), fingolimod (approved in the US and Russia), BG-12 (phase III), laquinimod (phase III) and teriflunomide (phase III). While the availability of oral therapies has been much anticipated by physicians and patients, neurologists will need to be cautious in selecting such therapy, which may appear to have efficacy and convenience advantages versus current therapies, but may also carry novel safety and tolerability concerns. The decision to use these new therapies will most likely be based on an overall assessment of efficacy, safety, tolerability and adherence, the potential need for monitoring and cost effectiveness. The objective of this article is to review the currently available data for each of these new oral therapies, which addresses the mechanism of action, efficacy and safety, and to provide a perspective on the potential future role of these therapies within clinical practice. Although better patient compliance is expected with the oral agents compared with the injectables, the safety profiles of these new oral drugs will have to be watched carefully.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.