Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21128084›Full record

ArticleCell and tissue research2011

Regulation of GDF-15, a distant TGF-β superfamily member, in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia.

Katharina Schindowski, Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach, Jens Strelau, Dirk A Ridder, Oliver Herrmann, Andreas Schober, Markus Schwaninger, Klaus Unsicker

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell and tissue research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. ATF5-Dependent GDF15 Expression Mediates Anesthesia-Induced Neuroprotection Against Stroke.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
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  16. Batokine in Central Nervous System Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Katharina SchindowskiInstitute for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Applied Science Biberach, Biberach/Riss, Germany.
Oliver von Bohlen und Halbach
Jens Strelau
Dirk A Ridder
Oliver Herrmann
Andreas Schober
Markus Schwaninger
Klaus Unsicker
Heidelberg University · DEUniversity of Freiburg · DEUniversität Greifswald · DEUniversity of Applied Sciences Biberach · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

GDF-15 is a novel distant member of the TGF-β superfamily and is widely distributed in the brain and peripheral nervous system. We have previously reported that GDF-15 is a potent neurotrophic factor for lesioned dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and that GDF-15-deficient mice show progressive postnatal losses of motor and sensory neurons. We have now investigated the regulation of GDF-15 mRNA and immunoreactivity in the murine hippocampal formation and selected cortical areas following an ischemic lesion by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). MCAO prominently upregulates GDF-15 mRNA in the hippocampus and parietal cortex at 3 h and 24 h after lesion. GDF-15 immunoreactivity, which is hardly detectable in the unlesioned brain, is drastically upregulated in neurons identified by double-staining with NeuN. NeuN staining reveals that most, if not all, neurons in the granular layer of the dentate gyrus and pyramidal layers of the cornu ammonis become GDF-15-immunoreactive. Moderate induction of GDF-15 immunoreactivity has been observed in a small number of microglial cells identified by labeling with tomato lectin, whereas astroglial cells remain GDF-15-negative after MCAO. Comparative analysis of the size of the infarcted area after MCAO in GDF-15 wild-type and knockout mice has failed to reveal significant differences. Together, our data substantiate the notion that GDF-15 is prominently upregulated in the lesioned brain and might be involved in orchestrating post-lesional responses other than the trophic support of neurons.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain IschemiaCells, CulturedCerebral CortexCerebral InfarctionGene Expression RegulationGrowth Differentiation Factor 15MaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMiddle Cerebral ArteryModels, AnimalNeuronsRNA, MessengerTransforming Growth Factor betaUp-RegulationGrowth Differentiation Factor 15RNA, MessengerTransforming Growth Factor beta

Identifiers

PMID21128084
PMCPMC3032194
OpenAlexW2019182813

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.